FINAL TEST AT LABORATORY
Study of the diffusion in gaseous state and molecular speeds

1. The time to the formation of the ring in the experiment is dependent on:
   1. the length of the tube and not of the width of the tube;
   2. the virtual speeds and not the real speeds of each involved species;
   3. the propagation of the species as ions and not as neutral molecules;
   4. the length of the tube and the width of the tube;
   
   
2. The chronometer is used in the experiment for:
   1. to keep us busy;
   2. synchronization of the diffusion times;
   3. indication of the moment when we should pay attention to the experiment;
   4. extracting the information necessary to calculate the diffusion coefficients;
   
   
3. The fog observed during the experiment is due to:
   1. presence of the ammonia;
   2. unproper illumination in the laboratory or our breathing;
   3. presence of the chlorine;
   4. formation of ammonium chloride;
   
   
4. As you concluded from the experiment, the molecules of a gas at equilibrium:
   1. are considered to be at the same temperature, but may have different energies;
   2. all have same energy;
   3. are considered to be at the same temperature, but may have different speeds;
   4. all have same speed;
   
   
5. We may say the followings:
   1. the molecules have speeds only in gaseous state;
   2. the kinetic energy of a molecule is affected by temperature and pressure;
   3. the kinetic energy of a molecule is affected by temperature, pressure and size of the molecule;
   4. the molecules have energy only in gaseous and liquid states;
   
   

TEST DE FINAL DE LABORATOR
Studiul difuziei in stare gazoasa si a vitezelor moleculare

1. Timpul pentru formarea inelului īn experimentul este dependenta de:
   1. lungimea tubului si nu latimea tubului;
   2. vitezele virtuale si nu vitezele reale ale fiecarei specii implicate;
   3. propagarea speciilor ca ionii si nu ca si molecule neutre;
   4. lungimea tubului si latimea tubului;
   5. latimea tubului si nu lungimea tubului;
   
   
2. Cronometrul este utilizat īn experimentul pentru:
   1. sa ne tina ocupati;
   2. sincronizarea timpilor de difuzie;
   3. indicarea momentului cānd trebuie sa se acorde atentie experimentului;
   4. extragerea informatiilor necesare pentru a calcula coeficientii de difuzie;
   5. extragerea informatiilor necesare pentru calcularea raportului vitezelor;
   
   
3. Ceata observata īn timpul experimentului se datoreaza:
   1. prezentei amoniacului;
   2. iluminarii necorespunzatoare īn laborator sau respiratie noastre;
   3. prezentei clorului;
   4. formarea clorurii de amoniu;
   
   
4. Asa cum s-a concluzionat din experiment, moleculele unui gaz la echilibru:
   1. sunt considerate a fi la aceeasi temperatura, dar pot avea diferite energii;
   2. toate au aceeasi energie;
   3. sunt considerate a fi la aceeasi temperatura, dar pot avea viteze diferite;
   4. toate au aceeasi viteza;
   
   
5. Va rugam sa decida cu adevarat / fals pentru urmatoarele afirmatii:
   1. moleculele au viteze numai īn stare gazoasa;
   2. energia cinetica a unei molecule este afectata de temperatura si presiune;
   3. energia cinetica a unei molecule este afectata de temperatura, presiune si dimensiunea moleculei;
   4. moleculele au energie numai īn stare gazoasa si lichida;
   5. moleculele au energie numai īn stare gazoasa;
   
   

FINAL TEST AT LABORATORY
Study of the diffusion in gaseous state and molecular speeds

1. As you concluded from the experiment, the molecules of a gas at equilibrium:
   1. all have same speed;
   2. all are moving in an arbitrary direction;
   3. all have same energy;
   4. are considered to be at the same temperature, but may have different speeds;
   
   
2. The chronometer is used in the experiment for:
   1. measuring of the diffusion time;
   2. synchronization of the diffusion times;
   3. indication of the moment when we should pay attention to the experiment;
   4. to keep us busy;
   
   
3. The position of the ring in the experiment is dependent on:
   1. the propagation of the species as neutral molecules and not as ions;
   2. the concentrations of the solutions used;
   3. the propagation of the species as ions and not as neutral molecules;
   4. the width of the tube and not of the length of the tube;
   
   
4. We may say the followings:
   1. the molecules have speeds in all gaseous, liquid and solid states;
   2. the molecules have energy in all gaseous, liquid and solid states;
   3. the molecules have speeds only in gaseous and liquid states;
   4. the kinetic energy of a molecule is affected by temperature and pressure;
   
   
5. The fog observed during the experiment is due to:
   1. our experiment designed to trap the product of the reaction;
   2. formation of ammonium chloride;
   3. presence of the ammonia;
   4. unproper illumination in the laboratory or our breathing;
   
   

TEST DE FINAL DE LABORATOR
Studiul difuziei in stare gazoasa si a vitezelor moleculare

1. Asa cum s-a concluzionat din experiment, moleculele unui gaz la echilibru:
   1. toate au aceeasi viteza;
   2. toate se īndreapta īntr-o directie arbitrara;
   3. toate au aceeasi energie;
   4. sunt considerate a fi la aceeasi temperatura, dar pot avea viteze diferite;
   
   
2. Cronometrul este utilizat īn experimentul pentru:
   1. masurarea timpului de difuzie;
   2. sincronizarea timpilor de difuzie;
   3. indicarea momentului cānd trebuie sa se acorde atentie experimentului;
   4. sa ne tina ocupati;
   5. extragerea informatiilor necesare pentru calcularea raportului vitezelor;
   
   
3. Pozitia inelului īn experimentul este dependenta de:
   1. propagarea speciilor ca si molecule neutre si nu ca si ioni;
   2. concentratiile solutiilor utilizate;
   3. propagarea speciilor ca ionii si nu ca si molecule neutre;
   4. latimea tubului si nu lungimea tubului;
   
   
4. Va rugam sa decida cu adevarat / fals pentru urmatoarele afirmatii:
   1. moleculele au viteze īn toate starile gazoasa, lichida si solida;
   2. moleculele au energie īn toate starile gazoasa, lichida si solida;
   3. moleculele au viteze numai īn stare gazoasa si lichida;
   4. energia cinetica a unei molecule este afectata de temperatura si presiune;
   5. moleculele au energie numai īn stare gazoasa si lichida;
   
   
5. Ceata observata īn timpul experimentului se datoreaza:
   1. experimentului nostru proiectat pentru a captura produsul de reactie;
   2. formarea clorurii de amoniu;
   3. prezentei amoniacului;
   4. iluminarii necorespunzatoare īn laborator sau respiratie noastre;
   
   

FINAL TEST AT LABORATORY
Study of the diffusion in gaseous state and molecular speeds

1. As you concluded from the experiment, the molecules of a gas at equilibrium:
   1. all have same energy;
   2. all are moving in the same direction;
   3. all have same speed;
   4. are considered to be at the same temperature, but may have different energies;
   
   
2. The fog observed during the experiment is due to:
   1. presence of the chlorine;
   2. unproper illumination in the laboratory and our breathing;
   3. presence of the ammonia;
   4. formation of ammonium chloride;
   
   
3. At the ends of the tube following equilibrium reactions occurs:
   1. NH₃ + HCl \=\ NH₄Cl
   2. NH₄⁺ + Cl^- \=\ NH₄Cl
   3. NH₃ + H₂O \=\ NH₄⁺ + HO^-
   4. H⁺ + HO^- \=\ H₂O
   
   
4. The chronometer is used in the experiment for:
   1. indication of the moment when we should pay attention to the experiment;
   2. to keep us busy;
   3. measuring of the diffusion time;
   4. extracting the information necessary to calculate the speeds ratio;
   
   
5. The position of the ring in the experiment is dependent on:
   1. the speed of diffusion of each involved species;
   2. the concentrations of the solutions used;
   3. the propagation of the species as ions and not as neutral molecules;
   4. the width of the tube and not of the length of the tube;
   
   

TEST DE FINAL DE LABORATOR
Studiul difuziei in stare gazoasa si a vitezelor moleculare

1. Asa cum s-a concluzionat din experiment, moleculele unui gaz la echilibru:
   1. toate au aceeasi energie;
   2. toate se deplaseaza īn aceeasi directie;
   3. toate au aceeasi viteza;
   4. sunt considerate a fi la aceeasi temperatura, dar pot avea diferite energii;
   5. sunt considerate a fi la aceeasi temperatura, dar pot avea viteze diferite;
   
   
2. Ceata observata īn timpul experimentului se datoreaza:
   1. prezentei clorului;
   2. iluminarii necorespunzatoare īn laborator si respiratiei noastre;
   3. prezentei amoniacului;
   4. formarea clorurii de amoniu;
   
   
3. La capetele tubului urmatoarele reactii de echilibru apar:
   1. NH₃ + HCl \=\ NH₄Cl
   2. NH₄⁺ + Cl^- \=\ NH₄Cl
   3. NH₃ + H₂O \ = \ NH₄⁺ + HO^-
   4. H⁺ + HO^- \=\ H₂O
   5. H₂O \=\ H⁺ + HO^-
   
   
4. Cronometrul este utilizat īn experimentul pentru:
   1. indicarea momentului cānd trebuie sa se acorde atentie experimentului;
   2. sa ne tina ocupati;
   3. masurarea timpului de difuzie;
   4. extragerea informatiilor necesare pentru calcularea raportului vitezelor;
   
   
5. Pozitia inelului īn experimentul este dependenta de:
   1. viteza de difuzie a fiecarei specii implicate;
   2. concentratiile solutiilor utilizate;
   3. propagarea speciilor ca ionii si nu ca si molecule neutre;
   4. latimea tubului si nu lungimea tubului;
   
   

FINAL TEST AT LABORATORY
Study of the diffusion in gaseous state and molecular speeds

1. The fog observed during the experiment is due to:
   1. presence of the ammonia;
   2. presence of the chlorine;
   3. formation of ammonium chloride;
   4. unproper illumination in the laboratory or our breathing;
   
   
2. As you concluded from the experiment, the molecules of a gas at equilibrium:
   1. are considered to be at the same temperature, but may have different energies;
   2. all have same speed;
   3. all are moving in the same direction;
   4. all have same energy;
   
   
3. The time to the formation of the ring in the experiment is dependent on:
   1. the length of the tube and not of the width of the tube;
   2. the propagation of the species as ions and not as neutral molecules;
   3. the mode energy or mode speed of each involved species;
   4. the virtual speeds and not the real speeds of each involved species;
   
   
4. The chronometer is used in the experiment for:
   1. to keep us busy;
   2. extracting the information necessary to calculate the speeds ratio;
   3. indication of the moment when we should pay attention to the experiment;
   4. synchronization of the diffusion times;
   
   
5. We may say the followings:
   1. the kinetic energy of a molecule is affected by temperature, pressure and size of the molecule;
   2. the molecules have speeds only in gaseous and liquid states;
   3. the molecules have energy in all gaseous, liquid and solid states;
   4. the molecules have speeds only in gaseous state;
   
   

TEST DE FINAL DE LABORATOR
Studiul difuziei in stare gazoasa si a vitezelor moleculare

1. Ceata observata īn timpul experimentului se datoreaza:
   1. prezentei amoniacului;
   2. prezentei clorului;
   3. formarea clorurii de amoniu;
   4. iluminarii necorespunzatoare īn laborator sau respiratie noastre;
   
   
2. Asa cum s-a concluzionat din experiment, moleculele unui gaz la echilibru:
   1. sunt considerate a fi la aceeasi temperatura, dar pot avea diferite energii;
   2. toate au aceeasi viteza;
   3. toate se deplaseaza īn aceeasi directie;
   4. toate au aceeasi energie;
   
   
3. Timpul pentru formarea inelului īn experimentul este dependenta de:
   1. lungimea tubului si nu latimea tubului;
   2. propagarea speciilor ca ionii si nu ca si molecule neutre;
   3. viteza la moda sau energia la moda a fiecarei specii implicate;
   4. vitezele virtuale si nu vitezele reale ale fiecarei specii implicate;
   5. latimea tubului si nu lungimea tubului;
   
   
4. Cronometrul este utilizat īn experimentul pentru:
   1. sa ne tina ocupati;
   2. extragerea informatiilor necesare pentru calcularea raportului vitezelor;
   3. indicarea momentului cānd trebuie sa se acorde atentie experimentului;
   4. sincronizarea timpilor de difuzie;
   
   
5. Va rugam sa decida cu adevarat / fals pentru urmatoarele afirmatii:
   1. energia cinetica a unei molecule este afectata de temperatura, presiune si dimensiunea moleculei;
   2. moleculele au viteze numai īn stare gazoasa si lichida;
   3. moleculele au energie īn toate starile gazoasa, lichida si solida;
   4. moleculele au viteze numai īn stare gazoasa;
   5. moleculele au energie numai īn stare gazoasa si lichida;
   
   

FINAL TEST AT LABORATORY
Study of the diffusion in gaseous state and molecular speeds

1. The position of the ring in the experiment is dependent on:
   1. the length of the tube and the width of the tube;
   2. the width of the tube and not of the length of the tube;
   3. the real speeds and not the virtual speeds of each involved species;
   4. the propagation of the species as ions and not as neutral molecules;
   
   
2. The time to the formation of the ring in the experiment is dependent on:
   1. the average energy or average speed of each involved species;
   2. the mode energy or mode speed of each involved species;
   3. the length of the tube and not of the width of the tube;
   4. the propagation of the species as ions and not as neutral molecules;
   
   
3. The fog observed during the experiment is due to:
   1. unproper illumination in the laboratory and our breathing;
   2. formation of ammonium chloride;
   3. presence of the ammonia;
   4. presence of the chlorine;
   
   
4. As you concluded from the experiment, the molecules of a gas at equilibrium:
   1. all have same speed;
   2. are considered to be at the same temperature, but may have different energies;
   3. all are moving in the same direction;
   4. all have same energy;
   
   
5. The chronometer is used in the experiment for:
   1. to keep us busy;
   2. measuring of the diffusion time;
   3. indication of the moment when we should pay attention to the experiment;
   4. extracting the information necessary to calculate the diffusion coefficients;
   
   

TEST DE FINAL DE LABORATOR
Studiul difuziei in stare gazoasa si a vitezelor moleculare

1. Pozitia inelului īn experimentul este dependenta de:
   1. lungimea tubului si latimea tubului;
   2. latimea tubului si nu lungimea tubului;
   3. vitezele reale si nu vitezele virtuale ale fiecarei specii implicate;
   4. propagarea speciilor ca ionii si nu ca si molecule neutre;
   5. concentratiile solutiilor utilizate;
   
   
2. Timpul pentru formarea inelului īn experimentul este dependenta de:
   1. energia medie sau viteza medie a fiecarei specii implicate;
   2. viteza la moda sau energia la moda a fiecarei specii implicate;
   3. lungimea tubului si nu latimea tubului;
   4. propagarea speciilor ca ionii si nu ca si molecule neutre;
   
   
3. Ceata observata īn timpul experimentului se datoreaza:
   1. iluminarii necorespunzatoare īn laborator si respiratiei noastre;
   2. formarea clorurii de amoniu;
   3. prezentei amoniacului;
   4. prezentei clorului;
   
   
4. Asa cum s-a concluzionat din experiment, moleculele unui gaz la echilibru:
   1. toate au aceeasi viteza;
   2. sunt considerate a fi la aceeasi temperatura, dar pot avea diferite energii;
   3. toate se deplaseaza īn aceeasi directie;
   4. toate au aceeasi energie;
   
   
5. Cronometrul este utilizat īn experimentul pentru:
   1. sa ne tina ocupati;
   2. masurarea timpului de difuzie;
   3. indicarea momentului cānd trebuie sa se acorde atentie experimentului;
   4. extragerea informatiilor necesare pentru a calcula coeficientii de difuzie;
   5. sincronizarea timpilor de difuzie;
   
   

FINAL TEST AT LABORATORY
Obtaining of the oxygen: study of the gases laws

1. In the laboratory were studied:
   1. decomposition of the potasium chloride to potasium chlorate when ozone is released;
   2. increasing of the pressure of a gas when was heated;
   3. the producing of some gas as result of a lost of the mass of a solid;
   4. the obtaining of the oxygen, by using the reaction KClO₃ (+MnO₂, heat) -> KCl + O₂;
   
   
2. The values taken from the experiment conducted in the laboratory indicated that:
   1. we possess enough information to decide what gas was released from the reaction;
   2. ozone were released as result of the decomposition;
   3. oxigen were released as result of the decomposition;
   4. we do not possess enough information to decide what gas was released from the reaction;
   
   
3. Based on our experience after conducting the experiment, we may say that the oxygen can be obtained from:
   1. KCl + O₂ -> KClO₃;
   2. KClO₃ -> KCl + O₂;
   3. K₂CrO₄ + Cr₂O₃ + O₂ -> K₂Cr₂O₇;
   4. K₂Cr₂O₇ -> K₂CrO₄ + Cr₂O₃ + O₂;
   
   
4. For gaseous state:
   1. we need to take supplementary precautions in the laboratory;
   2. the pressure depends on the model which are used to approximate it;
   3. the pressure is exactly the same as in liquid state;
   4. the pressure is unchanged when a chemical reaction occurs;
   
   
5. A state equation for a real gas is:
   1. a relation between an unlimited number of state parameters;
   2. a relation which is always true, independent of the values of the state parameters;
   3. a relation derived to approximate the relation between state parameters;
   4. a relation which takes into account certain deviations from the ideal model;
   
   

TEST DE FINAL DE LABORATOR
Obtinerea oxigenului: studiul legilor gazelor

1. Īn laborator s-au studiat:
   1. descompunerea clorurii de potasiu la cloratul de potasiu cānd ozonul este eliberat;
   2. cresterea presiunii unui gaz cānd s-a īncalzit;
   3. producerea unor gaze ca urmare a unei pierderi de masa a unui solid;
   4. obtinerea de oxigen, folosind reactia KClO₃(+ MnO₂, caldura) -> KCl + O₂;
   
   
2. Valorile luate din experimentul efectuat īn laborator au indicat ca:
   1. avem suficiente informatii pentru a decide ce gaz a fost eliberat din reactie;
   2. ozonul au fost eliberat ca urmare a descompunerii;
   3. oxigenul au fost eliberat ca urmare a descompunerii;
   4. nu avem suficiente informatii pentru a decide ce gaz a fost eliberat din reactie;
   5. cu cat mai simplu este modelul folosit pentru a aproxima comportamentul, cu atat este mai bun este agrementul;
   
   
3. Pe baza experientei noastre dupa efectuarea experimentului, putem spune ca oxigenul poate fi obtinut din:
   1. KCl + O₂ -> KClO₃;
   2. KClO₃ -> KCl + O₂;
   3. K₂CrO₄ + Cr₂O₃ + O₂ -> K₂Cr₂O₇;
   4. K₂Cr₂O₇ -> K₂CrO₄ + Cr₂O₃ + O₂;
   5. deschiderea unei sticle de apa cu bule;
   
   
4. Pentru stare gazoasa:
   1. avem nevoie pentru a lua masuri de precautie suplimentare īn laborator;
   2. presiunea depinde de modelul care este utilizat pentru o aproxima;
   3. presiunea este exact la fel ca si īn stare lichida;
   4. presiunea este neschimbata cānd apare o reactie chimica;
   5. presiunea este mult mai mare decāt īn stare lichida;
   
   
5. O ecuatie de stare pentru un gaz real este:
   1. o relatie īntre un numar nelimitat de parametri de stare;
   2. o relatie care este īntotdeauna adevarata, independent de valorile parametrilor de stare;
   3. o relatie derivata pentru a aproxima relatia dintre parametrii de stare;
   4. o relatie care sa tina cont de anumite abateri de la modelul ideal;
   5. o relatie obtinut dupa efectuarea experimentului;
   
   

FINAL TEST AT LABORATORY
Obtaining of the oxygen: study of the gases laws

1. A state equation for a real gas is:
   1. a relation between an unlimited number of state parameters;
   2. a relation which takes into account certain deviations from the ideal model;
   3. a relation between an certain number of state parameters;
   4. usable in the laboratory, but is not to be used somewhere else;
   
   
2. Based on our experience after conducting the experiment, we may say that the oxygen can be obtained from:
   1. K₂Cr₂O₇ -> K₂CrO₄ + Cr₂O₃ + O₂;
   2. KMnO₄ -> K₂MnO₄ + MnO₂ + O₂;
   3. KNO₂ + O₂ -> KNO₃;
   4. H₂O₂ -> H₂O + O₂;
   
   
3. In the laboratory were studied:
   1. decomposition of the potasium chlorate to potasium chloride when oxygen is released;
   2. the obtaining of the oxygen, by using the reaction KClO₃ (+MnO₂, heat) -> KCl + O₃;
   3. decomposition of the potasium chloride to potasium chlorate when oxygen is released;
   4. increasing of the temperature of a solid mass when was heated;
   
   
4. The values taken from the experiment conducted in the laboratory indicated that:
   1. the ideal model of a gas approximated the best the behavior of the released gas;
   2. oxigen were released as result of the decomposition;
   3. the ideal model of a gas approximated the worst the behavior of the released gas;
   4. as more simple the model is used to approximate the behavior, as best agreement is obtained;
   
   
5. For gaseous state:
   1. the pressure is much lower than in liquid state;
   2. the pressure is unchanged when a chemical reaction occurs;
   3. the pressure is much higher than in liquid state;
   4. the pressure is exactly the same as in liquid state;
   
   

TEST DE FINAL DE LABORATOR
Obtinerea oxigenului: studiul legilor gazelor

1. O ecuatie de stare pentru un gaz real este:
   1. o relatie īntre un numar nelimitat de parametri de stare;
   2. o relatie care sa tina cont de anumite abateri de la modelul ideal;
   3. o relatie īntre un anumit numar de parametri de stare;
   4. utilizabila īn laborator, dar nu este de a fi utilizata īn alta parte;
   
   
2. Pe baza experientei noastre dupa efectuarea experimentului, putem spune ca oxigenul poate fi obtinut din:
   1. K₂Cr₂O₇ -> K₂CrO₄ + Cr₂O₃ + O₂;
   2. KMnO₄ -> K₂MnO₄ + MnO₂ + O₂;
   3. KNO₂ + O₂ -> KNO₃;
   4. H₂O₂ -> H₂O + O₂;
   
   
3. Īn laborator s-au studiat:
   1. descompunerea cloratului de potasiu la clorura de potasiu cānd oxigenul este eliberat;
   2. obtinerea de oxigen, folosind reactia KClO₃(+ MnO₂, caldura) -> KCl + O₃;
   3. descompunerea clorurii de potasiu la cloratul de potasiu cānd oxigenul este eliberat;
   4. cresterea temperaturii unei mase solide cānd s-a īncalzit;
   5. producerea unor gaze ca urmare a unei pierderi de masa a unui solid;
   
   
4. Valorile luate din experimentul efectuat īn laborator au indicat ca:
   1. modelul ideal al unui gaz aproximeaza cel mai bine comportamentul gazului eliberat;
   2. oxigenul au fost eliberat ca urmare a descompunerii;
   3. modelul ideal al unui gaz aproximeaza cel mai rau comportamentul gazului eliberat;
   4. cu cat mai simplu este modelul folosit pentru a aproxima comportamentul, cu atat este mai bun este agrementul;
   5. avem suficiente informatii pentru a decide ce gaz a fost eliberat din reactie;
   
   
5. Pentru stare gazoasa:
   1. presiunea este mult mai mica decāt īn stare lichida;
   2. presiunea este neschimbata cānd apare o reactie chimica;
   3. presiunea este mult mai mare decāt īn stare lichida;
   4. presiunea este exact la fel ca si īn stare lichida;
   
   

FINAL TEST AT LABORATORY
Obtaining of the oxygen: study of the gases laws

1. In the laboratory were studied:
   1. the producing of some gas as result of a lost of the mass of a solid;
   2. decomposition of the potasium chlorate to potasium chloride when oxygen is released;
   3. increasing of the temperature of a solid mass when was heated;
   4. decomposition of the potasium chlorate to potasium chloride when ozone is released;
   
   
2. Based on our experience after conducting the experiment, we may say that the oxygen can be obtained from:
   1. K₂Cr₂O₇ -> K₂CrO₄ + Cr₂O₃ + O₂;
   2. Ag₂O -> Ag + O₂;
   3. distillation of the liquid air;
   4. K₂CrO₄ + Cr₂O₃ + O₂ -> K₂Cr₂O₇;
   
   
3. A state equation for a real gas is:
   1. a relation between an certain number of state parameters;
   2. a relation which may involve some constants dependent of gas composition;
   3. a relation which takes into account certain deviations from the ideal model;
   4. a relation derived to approximate the relation between state parameters;
   
   
4. The values taken from the experiment conducted in the laboratory indicated that:
   1. oxigen were released as result of the decomposition;
   2. ozone were released as result of the decomposition;
   3. as more simple the model is used to approximate the behavior, as best agreement is obtained;
   4. air were released as result of the decomposition;
   
   
5. For gaseous state:
   1. it exists an equation for all, p · V = n · R · T;
   2. the pressure is much higher than in liquid state;
   3. the pressure is subject to change when a chemical reaction occurs;
   4. the pressure is unchanged when a chemical reaction occurs;
   
   

TEST DE FINAL DE LABORATOR
Obtinerea oxigenului: studiul legilor gazelor

1. Īn laborator s-au studiat:
   1. producerea unor gaze ca urmare a unei pierderi de masa a unui solid;
   2. descompunerea cloratului de potasiu la clorura de potasiu cānd oxigenul este eliberat;
   3. cresterea temperaturii unei mase solide cānd s-a īncalzit;
   4. descompunerea cloratului de potasiu la clorura de potasiu cānd ozonul este eliberat;
   5. descompunerea clorurii de potasiu la cloratul de potasiu cānd ozonul este eliberat;
   
   
2. Pe baza experientei noastre dupa efectuarea experimentului, putem spune ca oxigenul poate fi obtinut din:
   1. K₂Cr₂O₇ -> K₂CrO₄ + Cr₂O₃ + O₂;
   2. Ag₂O -> Ag + O₂;
   3. distilarea aerului lichid;
   4. K₂CrO₄ + Cr₂O₃ + O₂ -> K₂Cr₂O₇;
   
   
3. O ecuatie de stare pentru un gaz real este:
   1. o relatie īntre un anumit numar de parametri de stare;
   2. o relatie care poate implica unele constante dependente de compozitia gazului;
   3. o relatie care sa tina cont de anumite abateri de la modelul ideal;
   4. o relatie derivata pentru a aproxima relatia dintre parametrii de stare;
   
   
4. Valorile luate din experimentul efectuat īn laborator au indicat ca:
   1. oxigenul au fost eliberat ca urmare a descompunerii;
   2. ozonul au fost eliberat ca urmare a descompunerii;
   3. cu cat mai simplu este modelul folosit pentru a aproxima comportamentul, cu atat este mai bun este agrementul;
   4. aer a fost eliberat ca urmare a descompunerii;
   5. modelul ideal al unui gaz aproximeaza cel mai bine comportamentul gazului eliberat;
   
   
5. Pentru stare gazoasa:
   1. ca exista o ecuatie utilizabila mereu, p · V = n · R · T;
   2. presiunea este mult mai mare decāt īn stare lichida;
   3. presiunea se pot modifica atunci cānd apare o reactie chimica;
   4. presiunea este neschimbata cānd apare o reactie chimica;
   
   

FINAL TEST AT LABORATORY
Obtaining of the oxygen: study of the gases laws

1. For gaseous state:
   1. we need to take supplementary precautions in the laboratory;
   2. the pressure is much lower than in liquid state;
   3. the pressure is approximately the same as in liquid state;
   4. the pressure is much higher than in liquid state;
   
   
2. Based on our experience after conducting the experiment, we may say that the oxygen can be obtained from:
   1. opening a bubble water bottle;
   2. Ag₂O -> Ag + O₂;
   3. KNO₂ + O₂ -> KNO₃;
   4. H₂O + O₂ -> H₂O₂;
   
   
3. In the laboratory were studied:
   1. the obtaining of the oxygen, by using the reaction KClO₃ (+MnO₂, heat) -> KCl + O₂;
   2. decomposition of the potasium chloride to potasium chlorate when ozone is released;
   3. decomposition of the potasium chloride to potasium chlorate when oxygen is released;
   4. decomposition of the potasium chlorate to potasium chloride when oxygen is released;
   
   
4. A state equation for a real gas is:
   1. a relation which may involve some constants dependent of gas composition;
   2. a relation between an unlimited number of state parameters;
   3. a relation which takes into account certain deviations from the ideal model;
   4. a relation which is always true, independent of the values of the state parameters;
   
   
5. The values taken from the experiment conducted in the laboratory indicated that:
   1. the ideal model of a gas approximated the best the behavior of the released gas;
   2. as more simple the model is used to approximate the behavior, as best agreement is obtained;
   3. ozone were released as result of the decomposition;
   4. oxigen were released as result of the decomposition;
   
   

TEST DE FINAL DE LABORATOR
Obtinerea oxigenului: studiul legilor gazelor

1. Pentru stare gazoasa:
   1. avem nevoie pentru a lua masuri de precautie suplimentare īn laborator;
   2. presiunea este mult mai mica decāt īn stare lichida;
   3. presiunea este aproximativ aceeasi ca si īn stare lichida;
   4. presiunea este mult mai mare decāt īn stare lichida;
   5. presiunea se pot modifica atunci cānd apare o reactie chimica;
   
   
2. Pe baza experientei noastre dupa efectuarea experimentului, putem spune ca oxigenul poate fi obtinut din:
   1. deschiderea unei sticle de apa cu bule;
   2. Ag₂O -> Ag + O₂;
   3. KNO₂ + O₂ -> KNO₃;
   4. H₂O + O₂ -> H₂O₂;
   5. H₂O₂ -> H₂O + O₂;
   
   
3. Īn laborator s-au studiat:
   1. obtinerea de oxigen, folosind reactia KClO₃(+ MnO₂, caldura) -> KCl + O₂;
   2. descompunerea clorurii de potasiu la cloratul de potasiu cānd ozonul este eliberat;
   3. descompunerea clorurii de potasiu la cloratul de potasiu cānd oxigenul este eliberat;
   4. descompunerea cloratului de potasiu la clorura de potasiu cānd oxigenul este eliberat;
   5. descompunerea cloratului de potasiu la clorura de potasiu cānd ozonul este eliberat;
   
   
4. O ecuatie de stare pentru un gaz real este:
   1. o relatie care poate implica unele constante dependente de compozitia gazului;
   2. o relatie īntre un numar nelimitat de parametri de stare;
   3. o relatie care sa tina cont de anumite abateri de la modelul ideal;
   4. o relatie care este īntotdeauna adevarata, independent de valorile parametrilor de stare;
   
   
5. Valorile luate din experimentul efectuat īn laborator au indicat ca:
   1. modelul ideal al unui gaz aproximeaza cel mai bine comportamentul gazului eliberat;
   2. cu cat mai simplu este modelul folosit pentru a aproxima comportamentul, cu atat este mai bun este agrementul;
   3. ozonul au fost eliberat ca urmare a descompunerii;
   4. oxigenul au fost eliberat ca urmare a descompunerii;
   5. avem suficiente informatii pentru a decide ce gaz a fost eliberat din reactie;
   
   

FINAL TEST AT LABORATORY
Obtaining of the oxygen: study of the gases laws

1. The values taken from the experiment conducted in the laboratory indicated that:
   1. oxigen were released as result of the decomposition;
   2. the ideal model of a gas approximated the best the behavior of the released gas;
   3. the ideal model of a gas approximated the worst the behavior of the released gas;
   4. air were released as result of the decomposition;
   
   
2. Based on our experience after conducting the experiment, we may say that the oxygen can be obtained from:
   1. K₂MnO₄ + MnO₂ + O₂ -> KMnO₄;
   2. KNO₃ -> KNO₂ + O₂;
   3. H₂O₂ -> H₂O + O₂;
   4. distillation of the liquid air;
   
   
3. A state equation for a real gas is:
   1. a relation which is always true, independent of the values of the state parameters;
   2. a relation obtained after conducting of the experiment;
   3. a relation which may involve some constants dependent of gas composition;
   4. a relation derived to approximate the relation between state parameters;
   
   
4. In the laboratory were studied:
   1. decomposition of the potasium chlorate to potasium chloride when oxygen is released;
   2. the obtaining of the oxygen, by using the reaction KClO₃ (+MnO₂, heat) -> KCl + O₃;
   3. increasing of the temperature of a solid mass when was heated;
   4. decomposition of the potasium chloride to potasium chlorate when oxygen is released;
   
   
5. For gaseous state:
   1. the pressure depends on the model which are used to approximate it;
   2. the pressure is approximately the same as in liquid state;
   3. the pressure is much higher than in liquid state;
   4. the pressure is subject to change when a chemical reaction occurs;
   
   

TEST DE FINAL DE LABORATOR
Obtinerea oxigenului: studiul legilor gazelor

1. Valorile luate din experimentul efectuat īn laborator au indicat ca:
   1. oxigenul au fost eliberat ca urmare a descompunerii;
   2. modelul ideal al unui gaz aproximeaza cel mai bine comportamentul gazului eliberat;
   3. modelul ideal al unui gaz aproximeaza cel mai rau comportamentul gazului eliberat;
   4. aer a fost eliberat ca urmare a descompunerii;
   
   
2. Pe baza experientei noastre dupa efectuarea experimentului, putem spune ca oxigenul poate fi obtinut din:
   1. K₂MnO₄ + MnO₂ + O₂ -> KMnO₄;
   2. KNO₃ -> KNO₂ + O₂;
   3. H₂O₂ -> H₂O + O₂;
   4. distilarea aerului lichid;
   5. KCl + O₂ -> KClO₃;
   
   
3. O ecuatie de stare pentru un gaz real este:
   1. o relatie care este īntotdeauna adevarata, independent de valorile parametrilor de stare;
   2. o relatie obtinut dupa efectuarea experimentului;
   3. o relatie care poate implica unele constante dependente de compozitia gazului;
   4. o relatie derivata pentru a aproxima relatia dintre parametrii de stare;
   
   
4. Īn laborator s-au studiat:
   1. descompunerea cloratului de potasiu la clorura de potasiu cānd oxigenul este eliberat;
   2. obtinerea de oxigen, folosind reactia KClO₃(+ MnO₂, caldura) -> KCl + O₃;
   3. cresterea temperaturii unei mase solide cānd s-a īncalzit;
   4. descompunerea clorurii de potasiu la cloratul de potasiu cānd oxigenul este eliberat;
   5. producerea unor gaze ca urmare a unei pierderi de masa a unui solid;
   
   
5. Pentru stare gazoasa:
   1. presiunea depinde de modelul care este utilizat pentru o aproxima;
   2. presiunea este aproximativ aceeasi ca si īn stare lichida;
   3. presiunea este mult mai mare decāt īn stare lichida;
   4. presiunea se pot modifica atunci cānd apare o reactie chimica;
   
   

FINAL TEST AT LABORATORY
Qualitative analysis of metals and alloys

1. This method of analysis of metals and alloys is:
   1. not useful for both metals and alloys;
   2. a gravimetric method of analysis;
   3. too ancient to be used today in the laboratory;
   4. a destructive method of analysis;
   
   
2. When aluminum is identified:
   1. supplementary precautions should be taken, because the plates are made from aluminum too;
   2. using of ammonium hidroxide is enough in order to have a clear guess about the presence of aluminum;
   3. is identified as Al³⁺ cation;
   4. there are many identification reactions possible;
   
   
3. The paper requires before analysis of the sample:
   1. to be weighted;
   2. to be acidified;
   3. to be cut in small pieces;
   4. to be moistened with an electrolyte;
   
   
4. When lead is identified:
   1. a yellow complex appears;
   2. the reactions used clearly indicates its presence;
   3. a blue complex appears;
   4. precautions should be made for toxic wastes disposal;
   
   
5. Why moisten the paper with solution of sodium nitrate?
   1. to work as an electrolyte and to allow passing of the electrical current through moistened paper;
   2. to accomodate ourselves to use chemicals;
   3. to have something to do in the laboratory;
   4. for stopping after a while the chemical reaction that takes place;
   
   

TEST DE FINAL DE LABORATOR
Analiza calitativa a metalelor si aliajelor

1. Aceasta metoda de analiza de metale si aliaje este:
   1. nu este utila nici pentru metale nici pentru aliaje;
   2. o metoda gravimetrica de analiza;
   3. prea veche pentru a fi utilizata īn prezent īn laborator;
   4. o metoda distructiva de analiza;
   
   
2. Cānd aluminiu este identificat:
   1. ar trebui sa fie luate masuri de precautie suplimentare deoarece talerele sunt realizate din aluminiu deasemenea;
   2. folosirea hidroxidului de amoniu este suficient pentru a avea indicii clare cu privire la prezenta aluminiului;
   3. este identificat ca cationul Al³⁺;
   4. exista multe reactii posibile de identificare;
   5. prezenta altor ioni poate produce un rezultat fals pozitiv;
   
   
3. Hartia necesita ca īnainte de analiza probei:
   1. sa fie cantarita;
   2. sa fie acidulata;
   3. sa fie taiata īn bucati mici;
   4. sa fie umezita cu un electrolit;
   5. sa fie uscata;
   
   
4. Cānd plumbul este identificat:
   1. apare un complex galben;
   2. reactiile utilizate īn mod clar ii indica prezenta;
   3. apare un complex albastru;
   4. ar trebui sa fie luate masuri de precautie pentru deseurile toxice eliminate;
   
   
5. De ce umezim hārtia cu solutie de azotat de sodiu?
   1. pentru a lucra ca un electrolit si pentru a permite trecerea de curent electric prin hārtia umezita;
   2. sa ne acomodam in a utiliza substante chimice;
   3. pentru a avea ceva de a face īn laborator;
   4. pentru oprirea dupa un timp reactiei chimice care are loc;
   5. pentru ca hartia sa actioneze ca izolator;
   
   

FINAL TEST AT LABORATORY
Qualitative analysis of metals and alloys

1. When aluminum is identified:
   1. only one identification reaction is possible;
   2. the presence of other ions may produce a true negative outcome;
   3. is identified as Al¹⁺ cation;
   4. using of alizarin along with ammonium hidroxide provide a red colored complex;
   
   
2. When the electrical circuit is closed:
   1. elements from the metals are passed into solution as cations;
   2. elements from the solution are passed into sample as metals;
   3. electric current passes the sample and the paper;
   4. surface of the sample is fastly covered by a protecting shield of electrons;
   
   
3. The paper requires before analysis of the sample:
   1. to be tested;
   2. to be cut in small pieces;
   3. to be burned;
   4. to be moistened with an electrolyte;
   
   
4. Why moisten the paper with solution of sodium nitrate?
   1. to provide cations for analysis;
   2. to work as an electrolyte and to allow passing of the electrical current through moistened paper;
   3. for stopping after a while the chemical reaction that takes place;
   4. to be cut easily with scissors;
   
   
5. The electric charges after passing the metals into solution may be:
   1. Fe²⁺; Ni²⁺; Cu²⁺; Zn²⁺; Co²⁺; Cr³⁺
   2. Fe²⁺; Ni⁴⁺; Cu¹⁺; Zn²⁺; Co⁵⁺; Cr⁶⁺
   3. Fe²⁺; Pb²⁺; Sn⁴⁺; Zn²⁺; Co⁵⁺; Cr⁶⁺
   4. Fe²⁺; Co²⁺; Ni²⁺; Cu²⁺; Zn²⁺; Al³⁺
   
   

TEST DE FINAL DE LABORATOR
Analiza calitativa a metalelor si aliajelor

1. Cānd aluminiu este identificat:
   1. doar o reactie de identificare este posibila;
   2. prezenta altor ioni poate produce un rezultat adevarat negativ;
   3. este identificat ca cationul Al¹⁺;
   4. folosirea alizarinei, īmpreuna cu hidroxidul de amoniu ofera un complex colorat rosu;
   
   
2. Cānd circuitul electric este īnchis:
   1. elementele din metalele sunt trecute īn solutie sub forma de cationi;
   2. elemente din solutie sunt trecute īn proba ca metale;
   3. curent electric trece prin proba si hārtie;
   4. suprafata probei este cu rapiditate acoperita de un strat protector de electroni;
   5. cationii din solutie sunt trecuti īn proba ca metale;
   
   
3. Hartia necesita ca īnainte de analiza probei:
   1. sa fie testata;
   2. sa fie taiata īn bucati mici;
   3. sa fie arsa;
   4. sa fie umezita cu un electrolit;
   5. sa fie cantarita;
   
   
4. De ce umezim hārtia cu solutie de azotat de sodiu?
   1. pentru furniza cationi pentru analiza;
   2. pentru a lucra ca un electrolit si pentru a permite trecerea de curent electric prin hārtia umezita;
   3. pentru oprirea dupa un timp reactiei chimice care are loc;
   4. sa fie taiat cu usurinta cu foarfeca;
   
   
5. Sarcinile electrice ce apar la trecerea metalelor īn solutie pot fi:
   1. Fe²⁺; Ni²⁺; Cu²⁺; Zn²⁺; Co²⁺; Cr³⁺
   2. Fe²⁺; Ni⁴⁺; Cu¹⁺; Zn²⁺; Co⁵⁺; Cr⁶⁺
   3. Fe²⁺; Pb²⁺; Sn⁴⁺; Zn²⁺; Co⁵⁺; Cr⁶⁺
   4. Fe²⁺; Co²⁺; Ni²⁺; Cu²⁺; Zn²⁺; Al³⁺
   5. Fe²⁺; Ni¹⁺; Cu¹⁺; Zn³⁺; Co²⁺; Cr⁶⁺
   
   

FINAL TEST AT LABORATORY
Qualitative analysis of metals and alloys

1. When the electrical circuit is closed:
   1. electric current avoids the sample and the paper;
   2. anions from the solution are passed into sample as metals;
   3. surface of the sample is fastly covered by a protecting shield of electrons;
   4. elements from the metals are passed into solution as anions;
   
   
2. When lead is identified:
   1. interference of other ions may affect the outcome;
   2. a heat release is observed;
   3. dangerous substances are used;
   4. a violet complex appears;
   
   
3. The paper requires before analysis of the sample:
   1. to be acidified;
   2. to be weighted;
   3. to be burned;
   4. to measure its surface;
   
   
4. Why moisten the paper with solution of sodium nitrate?
   1. to provide cations for analysis;
   2. for the paper to work as isolator;
   3. to be cut easily with scissors;
   4. to accomodate ourselves to use chemicals;
   
   
5. The electric charges after passing the metals into solution may be:
   1. Fe²⁺; Ni²⁺; Cu²⁺; Zn²⁺; Co²⁺; Cr³⁺
   2. Fe²⁺; Co²⁺; Ni²⁺; Cu²⁺; Zn²⁺; Al³⁺
   3. dependent on the intensity of the current applied to the electrograf and composition of the metal alloy;
   4. Fe³⁺; Ni²⁺; Cu²⁺; Zn²⁺; Co²⁺; Cr³⁺
   
   

TEST DE FINAL DE LABORATOR
Analiza calitativa a metalelor si aliajelor

1. Cānd circuitul electric este īnchis:
   1. curent electric evita proba si hārtia;
   2. anionii din solutie sunt trecuti īn proba ca metale;
   3. suprafata probei este cu rapiditate acoperita de un strat protector de electroni;
   4. elemente din metalele sunt trecute īn solutie sub forma de anioni;
   5. elementele din metalele sunt trecute īn solutie sub forma de cationi;
   
   
2. Cānd plumbul este identificat:
   1. interferenta altor ioni poate afecta rezultatul;
   2. se observa o eliberare de caldura;
   3. sunt utilizate substante periculoase;
   4. apare un complex violet;
   
   
3. Hartia necesita ca īnainte de analiza probei:
   1. sa fie acidulata;
   2. sa fie cantarita;
   3. sa fie arsa;
   4. sa i se masoare suprafata;
   
   
4. De ce umezim hārtia cu solutie de azotat de sodiu?
   1. pentru furniza cationi pentru analiza;
   2. pentru ca hartia sa actioneze ca izolator;
   3. sa fie taiat cu usurinta cu foarfeca;
   4. sa ne acomodam in a utiliza substante chimice;
   
   
5. Sarcinile electrice ce apar la trecerea metalelor īn solutie pot fi:
   1. Fe²⁺; Ni²⁺; Cu²⁺; Zn²⁺; Co²⁺; Cr³⁺
   2. Fe²⁺; Co²⁺; Ni²⁺; Cu²⁺; Zn²⁺; Al³⁺
   3. dependente de intensitatea curentului aplicat la electrograf si compozitia aliajului metalic;
   4. Fe³⁺; Ni²⁺; Cu²⁺; Zn²⁺; Co²⁺; Cr³⁺
   5. Fe²⁺; Ni⁴⁺; Cu¹⁺; Zn²⁺; Co⁵⁺; Cr⁶⁺
   
   

FINAL TEST AT LABORATORY
Qualitative analysis of metals and alloys

1. When the electrical circuit is closed:
   1. elements from the metals are passed into solution as cations;
   2. water dissociation is inhibited;
   3. elements from the metals are passed into solution as anions;
   4. anions from the solution are passed into sample as metals;
   
   
2. When lead is identified:
   1. precautions should be made for toxic wastes disposal;
   2. the reactions used clearly indicates its presence;
   3. a red-brown complex appears;
   4. a blue complex appears;
   
   
3. The electric charges after passing the metals into solution may be:
   1. Fe²⁺; Co²⁺; Ni²⁺; Cu²⁺; Zn²⁺; Al³⁺
   2. dependent on the intensity of the current applied to the electrograf and composition of the metal alloy;
   3. Fe²⁺; Pb²⁺; Sn⁴⁺; Zn²⁺; Co⁵⁺; Cr⁶⁺
   4. Fe²⁺; Ni¹⁺; Cu¹⁺; Zn³⁺; Co²⁺; Cr⁶⁺
   
   
4. This method of analysis of metals and alloys is:
   1. a quantitative method of analysis;
   2. useful for both metals and alloys;
   3. a gravimetric method of analysis;
   4. not useful for both metals and alloys;
   
   
5. When aluminum is identified:
   1. only one identification reaction is possible;
   2. the presence of other ions may produce a false positive outcome;
   3. there are many identification reactions possible;
   4. is identified as Al¹⁺ cation;
   
   

TEST DE FINAL DE LABORATOR
Analiza calitativa a metalelor si aliajelor

1. Cānd circuitul electric este īnchis:
   1. elementele din metalele sunt trecute īn solutie sub forma de cationi;
   2. disocierea apei este inhibata;
   3. elemente din metalele sunt trecute īn solutie sub forma de anioni;
   4. anionii din solutie sunt trecuti īn proba ca metale;
   
   
2. Cānd plumbul este identificat:
   1. ar trebui sa fie luate masuri de precautie pentru deseurile toxice eliminate;
   2. reactiile utilizate īn mod clar ii indica prezenta;
   3. apare un complex rosu-brun;
   4. apare un complex albastru;
   
   
3. Sarcinile electrice ce apar la trecerea metalelor īn solutie pot fi:
   1. Fe²⁺; Co²⁺; Ni²⁺; Cu²⁺; Zn²⁺; Al³⁺
   2. dependente de intensitatea curentului aplicat la electrograf si compozitia aliajului metalic;
   3. Fe²⁺; Pb²⁺; Sn⁴⁺; Zn²⁺; Co⁵⁺; Cr⁶⁺
   4. Fe²⁺; Ni¹⁺; Cu¹⁺; Zn³⁺; Co²⁺; Cr⁶⁺
   5. Fe²⁺; Ni²⁺; Cu²⁺; Zn²⁺; Co²⁺; Cr³⁺
   
   
4. Aceasta metoda de analiza de metale si aliaje este:
   1. o metoda cantitativa de analiza;
   2. utila atāt pentru metale si aliaje;
   3. o metoda gravimetrica de analiza;
   4. nu este utila nici pentru metale nici pentru aliaje;
   
   
5. Cānd aluminiu este identificat:
   1. doar o reactie de identificare este posibila;
   2. prezenta altor ioni poate produce un rezultat fals pozitiv;
   3. exista multe reactii posibile de identificare;
   4. este identificat ca cationul Al¹⁺;
   
   

FINAL TEST AT LABORATORY
Qualitative analysis of metals and alloys

1. Why moisten the paper with solution of sodium nitrate?
   1. to be cut easily with scissors;
   2. to provide cations for analysis;
   3. to accomodate ourselves to use chemicals;
   4. for the paper to work as isolator;
   
   
2. The electric charges after passing the metals into solution may be:
   1. Fe²⁺; Ni⁴⁺; Cu¹⁺; Zn²⁺; Co⁵⁺; Cr⁶⁺
   2. Fe²⁺; Co²⁺; Ni²⁺; Cu²⁺; Zn²⁺; Al³⁺
   3. Fe³⁺; Ni²⁺; Cu²⁺; Zn²⁺; Co²⁺; Cr³⁺
   4. Fe²⁺; Pb²⁺; Sn⁴⁺; Zn²⁺; Co⁵⁺; Cr⁶⁺
   
   
3. When lead is identified:
   1. the reactions used clearly indicates its presence;
   2. interference of other ions may affect the outcome;
   3. precautions should be made for toxic wastes disposal;
   4. dangerous substances are used;
   
   
4. When the electrical circuit is closed:
   1. elements from the metals are passed into solution as anions;
   2. electric current avoids the sample and the paper;
   3. elements from the solution are passed into sample as metals;
   4. water dissociation is inhibited;
   
   
5. When aluminum is identified:
   1. only one identification reaction is possible;
   2. the presence of other ions may produce a false positive outcome;
   3. using of alizarin along with ammonium hidroxide provide a red colored complex;
   4. using of alizarin along with ammonium hidroxide provide a more selective indication about the presence of aluminum;
   
   

TEST DE FINAL DE LABORATOR
Analiza calitativa a metalelor si aliajelor

1. De ce umezim hārtia cu solutie de azotat de sodiu?
   1. sa fie taiat cu usurinta cu foarfeca;
   2. pentru furniza cationi pentru analiza;
   3. sa ne acomodam in a utiliza substante chimice;
   4. pentru ca hartia sa actioneze ca izolator;
   5. pentru a avea ceva de a face īn laborator;
   
   
2. Sarcinile electrice ce apar la trecerea metalelor īn solutie pot fi:
   1. Fe²⁺; Ni⁴⁺; Cu¹⁺; Zn²⁺; Co⁵⁺; Cr⁶⁺
   2. Fe²⁺; Co²⁺; Ni²⁺; Cu²⁺; Zn²⁺; Al³⁺
   3. Fe³⁺; Ni²⁺; Cu²⁺; Zn²⁺; Co²⁺; Cr³⁺
   4. Fe²⁺; Pb²⁺; Sn⁴⁺; Zn²⁺; Co⁵⁺; Cr⁶⁺
   5. dependente de intensitatea curentului aplicat la electrograf si compozitia aliajului metalic;
   
   
3. Cānd plumbul este identificat:
   1. reactiile utilizate īn mod clar ii indica prezenta;
   2. interferenta altor ioni poate afecta rezultatul;
   3. ar trebui sa fie luate masuri de precautie pentru deseurile toxice eliminate;
   4. sunt utilizate substante periculoase;
   5. apare un complex galben;
   
   
4. Cānd circuitul electric este īnchis:
   1. elemente din metalele sunt trecute īn solutie sub forma de anioni;
   2. curent electric evita proba si hārtia;
   3. elemente din solutie sunt trecute īn proba ca metale;
   4. disocierea apei este inhibata;
   5. curent electric trece prin proba si hārtie;
   
   
5. Cānd aluminiu este identificat:
   1. doar o reactie de identificare este posibila;
   2. prezenta altor ioni poate produce un rezultat fals pozitiv;
   3. folosirea alizarinei, īmpreuna cu hidroxidul de amoniu ofera un complex colorat rosu;
   4. folosirea alizarinei, īmpreuna cu hidroxidul de amoniu ofera un indiciu mai selectiv cu privire la prezenta aluminiului;
   5. ar trebui sa fie luate masuri de precautie suplimentare deoarece talerele sunt realizate din aluminiu deasemenea;
   
   

FINAL TEST AT LABORATORY
Study of chemical reactions

1. The density of the solutions depends on:
   1. time elapsed since were prepared;
   2. pressure;
   3. temperature;
   4. provider;
   
   
2. In the calculations:
   1. are necessary to discuss with our colleagues;
   2. are necessary to draw the tables in our notebooks after completing of the experiment;
   3. are necessary to take some information from reagent bottles;
   4. are necessary to take the results imediatly after these are available from others;
   
   
3. The following chemical reactions were used in the experiments:
   1. H₂O + CO₂ -> H₂CO₃
   2. KMnO₄ + NaOH -> Na₂MnO₄ + KOH
   3. KMnO₄ + (COOH)₂ + H₂SO₄ -> K₂SO₄ + MnSO₄ + CO₂ + H₂O
   4. H₂SO₄ + NaOH -> Na₂SO₄ + H₂O
   
   
4. Reactions between acids and bases:
   1. are all exothermic, being therefore dangerous outside of the laboratory;
   2. always have as a consequence the formation of a quantity of water;
   3. are rarely useful, and even rarely used;
   4. are always fast, taking place almost instantaneously;
   
   
5. A redox process:
   1. is considered to be the following one: (COOH)₂ + NaOH -> (COONa)₂ + H₂O
   2. involves changing of the oxidation states of some participants to the reaction;
   3. occurs only when we mix wrong substances in the laboratory;
   4. is always fast and safe;
   
   

TEST DE FINAL DE LABORATOR
Studiul reactiilor chimice

1. Densitatea solutiilor depinde de:
   1. timpul scurs de cand au fost pregatite;
   2. presiune;
   3. temperatura;
   4. furnizor;
   
   
2. In calcule:
   1. este necesar sa discutam cu colegii;
   2. este necesar sa desenam tabelele in caiete dupa finalizarea experimentului;
   3. este necesar a se lua unele informatii de pe sticlele de reactivi;
   4. este necesar sa luam rezultatele imediat ce acestea devin disponibile de la colegii nostrii;
   5. este necesar sa utilizam telefoanele;
   
   
3. Urmatoarele reactii chimice au fost folosite īn experimente:
   1. H₂O + CO₂ -> H₂CO₃
   2. KMnO₄ + NaOH -> Na₂MnO₄ + KOH
   3. KMnO₄ + (COOH)₂ + H₂SO₄ -> K₂SO₄ + MnSO₄ + CO₂ + H₂O
   4. H₂SO₄ + NaOH -> Na₂SO₄ + H₂O
   
   
4. Reactiile īntre acizi si baze:
   1. sunt toate exoterme, fiind, prin urmare, īn afara laboratorului periculoase;
   2. au īntotdeauna drept consecinta formarea unei cantitati de apa;
   3. sunt rareori utile, si chiar mai rar utilizate;
   4. sunt īntotdeauna rapide, avānd loc aproape instantaneu;
   
   
5. Un proces redox:
   1. este considerat a fi urmatorul: (COOH)₂ + NaOH -> (COONa)₂ + H₂O
   2. implica schimbarea a starilor de oxidare ale unor participanti la reactie;
   3. apare numai atunci cānd se amesteca substante gresit īn laborator;
   4. este īntotdeauna rapid si sigur;
   5. este considerat a fi urmatorul: KMnO₄ + (COOH)₂ + H₂SO₄ -> K₂SO₄ + MnSO₄ + CO₂ + H₂O
   
   

FINAL TEST AT LABORATORY
Study of chemical reactions

1. The equivalence point is:
   1. used to balance the equation;
   2. indicated when a color change is observed into the solution;
   3. the point in which a reactive should be added in the burette;
   4. the point in which a reactive is fully consumed in the reaction;
   
   
2. Reactions between acids and bases:
   1. have as effect the change of the color of a solution;
   2. are always fast, taking place almost instantaneously;
   3. always have as a consequence the formation of a quantity of water;
   4. have as a consequence the dissolution of a salt;
   
   
3. The indicator should be added:
   1. to provide a color change at equivalence point;
   2. in small quantities, to avoid the errors in observations and in calculations;
   3. to be able to use the chemical reaction for the calculation of corresponding quantities of reactives;
   4. only at the suggestion of the supervisor;
   
   
4. A redox process:
   1. is considered to be the following one: KMnO₄ + (COOH)₂ + H₂SO₄ -> K₂SO₄ + MnSO₄ + CO₂ + H₂O
   2. is considered to be the following one: (COOH)₂ + NaOH -> (COONa)₂ + H₂O
   3. involves a transfer of electrons from one atom or group of atoms to another;
   4. is always fast and safe;
   
   
5. The density of the solutions depends on:
   1. provider;
   2. quantity;
   3. concentration;
   4. time elapsed since were prepared;
   
   

TEST DE FINAL DE LABORATOR
Studiul reactiilor chimice

1. Punctul de echivalenta este:
   1. folosit pentru a echilibra ecuatia;
   2. indicat atunci cānd o schimbare de culoare se observa īn solutie;
   3. punctul īn care ar trebui sa fie adaugat un reactiv īn biureta;
   4. punctul īn care un reactiv este consumat complet īn reactie;
   5. punctul īn care ar trebui sa fie adaugat un reactiv īn balonul de reactie;
   
   
2. Reactiile īntre acizi si baze:
   1. au ca efect schimbarea culorii unei solutii;
   2. sunt īntotdeauna rapide, avānd loc aproape instantaneu;
   3. au īntotdeauna drept consecinta formarea unei cantitati de apa;
   4. au drept consecinta dizolvarea unei sari;
   
   
3. Trebuie adaugat indicatorul:
   1. pentru a oferi o schimbare de culoare la punctul de echivalenta;
   2. īn cantitati mici, pentru a evita erorile īn observatii si īn calculele;
   3. pentru a putea utiliza reactia chimica in calculul cantitatilor de reactivi corespunzatoare;
   4. numai la sugestia supraveghetorului;
   5. numai īn cazuri speciale, atunci cānd este biureta gradata de jos in sus;
   
   
4. Un proces redox:
   1. este considerat a fi urmatorul: KMnO₄ + (COOH)₂ + H₂SO₄ -> K₂SO₄ + MnSO₄ + CO₂ + H₂O
   2. este considerat a fi urmatorul: (COOH)₂ + NaOH -> (COONa)₂ + H₂O
   3. implica un transfer de electroni de la un atom sau grup de atomi la altul;
   4. este īntotdeauna rapid si sigur;
   5. implica schimbarea a starilor de oxidare ale unor participanti la reactie;
   
   
5. Densitatea solutiilor depinde de:
   1. furnizor;
   2. cantitate;
   3. concentratie;
   4. timpul scurs de cand au fost pregatite;
   
   

FINAL TEST AT LABORATORY
Study of chemical reactions

1. The equivalence point is:
   1. indicated when a color change is observed into the solution;
   2. used to balance the equation;
   3. the point in which a reactive should be added in the reaction flask;
   4. the point in which a reactive should be added in the burette;
   
   
2. A redox process:
   1. involves changing of the aggregation states of some participants to the reaction;
   2. is considered to be the following one: (COOH)₂ + NaOH -> (COONa)₂ + H₂O
   3. occurs only when we mix wrong substances in the laboratory;
   4. is always fast and safe;
   
   
3. The indicator should be added:
   1. in large quantities, according to the principle 'only size matters';
   2. only at the suggestion of the supervisor;
   3. to indicate our safety limits when we dealt with chemicals;
   4. in small quantities, to avoid the errors in observations and in calculations;
   
   
4. When a chemical reaction is balanced, following should be considered:
   1. all glassware should be clean before and after conducting the experiment;
   2. the principle of the conservation of the volume;
   3. the liquid in the burette should be at the same level before and after conducting the experiment;
   4. the principle of the conservation of the number of atoms for each element;
   
   
5. Titration as a laboratory operation involves:
   1. a volume measurement;
   2. a standard or referential reactive;
   3. a mass measurement;
   4. a pH-metter;
   
   

TEST DE FINAL DE LABORATOR
Studiul reactiilor chimice

1. Punctul de echivalenta este:
   1. indicat atunci cānd o schimbare de culoare se observa īn solutie;
   2. folosit pentru a echilibra ecuatia;
   3. punctul īn care ar trebui sa fie adaugat un reactiv īn balonul de reactie;
   4. punctul īn care ar trebui sa fie adaugat un reactiv īn biureta;
   
   
2. Un proces redox:
   1. implica schimbarea a starilor de agregare ale unor participanti la reactie;
   2. este considerat a fi urmatorul: (COOH)₂ + NaOH -> (COONa)₂ + H₂O
   3. apare numai atunci cānd se amesteca substante gresit īn laborator;
   4. este īntotdeauna rapid si sigur;
   
   
3. Trebuie adaugat indicatorul:
   1. īn cantitati mari, īn conformitate cu principiul "doar dimensiunea conteaza";
   2. numai la sugestia supraveghetorului;
   3. pentru a indica limitele noastre de siguranta, atunci cānd ne ocupam cu substante chimice;
   4. īn cantitati mici, pentru a evita erorile īn observatii si īn calculele;
   
   
4. Cānd o reactie chimica este echilibrat, ar trebui sa fie luate īn considerare urmatoarele:
   1. toate sticlariile trebuie sa fie curat īnainte si dupa efectuarea experimentului;
   2. principiul conservarii volumului;
   3. lichidul din biureta ar trebui sa fie la acelasi nivel, īnainte si dupa efectuarea experimentului;
   4. principiul conservarii numarul de atomi pentru fiecare element;
   5. toate sticlariile trebuie sa fie curat īnainte, dupa, si īn timpul experimentului;
   
   
5. Titrarea ca o operatiune de laborator implica:
   1. masurarea volumului;
   2. un standard sau reactiv de referinta;
   3. masurarea masei;
   4. un pH-metru;
   5. o solutie de sare;
   
   

FINAL TEST AT LABORATORY
Study of chemical reactions

1. In the calculations:
   1. are necessary to draw the tables in our notebooks after completing of the experiment;
   2. are necessary to discuss with our colleagues;
   3. are necessary to take the results imediatly after these are available from others;
   4. are necessary to establish the coefficients of the chemical reaction;
   
   
2. A redox process:
   1. involves changing of the oxidation states of some participants to the reaction;
   2. is considered to be the following one: H₂SO₄ + NaOH -> Na₂SO₄ + H₂O
   3. occurs only when we mix wrong substances in the laboratory;
   4. is considered to be the following one: (COOH)₂ + NaOH -> (COONa)₂ + H₂O
   
   
3. Titration as a laboratory operation involves:
   1. an mixing of two ore more solutions;
   2. a volume measurement;
   3. a standard or referential reactive;
   4. a natrium hydroxide solution;
   
   
4. When a chemical reaction is balanced, following should be considered:
   1. all glassware should be clean before and after conducting the experiment;
   2. the liquid in the burette should be at the same level before and after conducting the experiment;
   3. the principle of the conservation of the volume;
   4. the principle of the conservation of the energy;
   
   
5. The following chemical reactions were used in the experiments:
   1. KMnO₄ + (COOH)₂ + H₂SO₄ -> K₂SO₄ + MnSO₄ + CO₂ + H₂O
   2. KMnO₄ + H₂SO₄ -> K₂SO₄ + MnSO₄ + H₂O
   3. (COOH)₂ + NaOH -> (COONa)₂ + H₂O
   4. H₂SO₄ + NaOH -> Na₂SO₄ + H₂O
   
   

TEST DE FINAL DE LABORATOR
Studiul reactiilor chimice

1. In calcule:
   1. este necesar sa desenam tabelele in caiete dupa finalizarea experimentului;
   2. este necesar sa discutam cu colegii;
   3. este necesar sa luam rezultatele imediat ce acestea devin disponibile de la colegii nostrii;
   4. este necesara stabilirea coeficientilor reactiei chimice;
   5. este necesar sa utilizam unele formule care exprima īn moduri diferite concentratia;
   
   
2. Un proces redox:
   1. implica schimbarea a starilor de oxidare ale unor participanti la reactie;
   2. este considerat a fi urmatorul: H₂SO₄ + NaOH -> Na₂SO₄ + H₂O
   3. apare numai atunci cānd se amesteca substante gresit īn laborator;
   4. este considerat a fi urmatorul: (COOH)₂ + NaOH -> (COONa)₂ + H₂O
   5. este considerat a fi urmatorul: KMnO₄ + (COOH)₂ + H₂SO₄ -> K₂SO₄ + MnSO₄ + CO₂ + H₂O
   
   
3. Titrarea ca o operatiune de laborator implica:
   1. amestecul a doua sau mai multe solutii;
   2. masurarea volumului;
   3. un standard sau reactiv de referinta;
   4. o solutie de hidroxid de sodiu;
   
   
4. Cānd o reactie chimica este echilibrat, ar trebui sa fie luate īn considerare urmatoarele:
   1. toate sticlariile trebuie sa fie curat īnainte si dupa efectuarea experimentului;
   2. lichidul din biureta ar trebui sa fie la acelasi nivel, īnainte si dupa efectuarea experimentului;
   3. principiul conservarii volumului;
   4. principiul conservarii energiei;
   
   
5. Urmatoarele reactii chimice au fost folosite īn experimente:
   1. KMnO₄ + (COOH)₂ + H₂SO₄ -> K₂SO₄ + MnSO₄ + CO₂ + H₂O
   2. KMnO₄ + H₂SO₄ -> K₂SO₄ + MnSO₄ + H₂O
   3. (COOH)₂ + NaOH -> (COONa)₂ + H₂O
   4. H₂SO₄ + NaOH -> Na₂SO₄ + H₂O
   
   

FINAL TEST AT LABORATORY
Study of chemical reactions

1. The density of the solutions depends on:
   1. temperature;
   2. concentration;
   3. pressure;
   4. time elapsed since were prepared;
   
   
2. In the calculations:
   1. are necessary to take the results imediatly after these are available from others;
   2. are necessary to use our phones;
   3. are necessary to take some information from reagent bottles;
   4. are necessary to establish the coefficients of the chemical reaction;
   
   
3. Reactions between acids and bases:
   1. are all exothermic, being therefore dangerous outside of the laboratory;
   2. have as a consequence the dissolution of a salt;
   3. always have as a consequence the formation of a quantity of water;
   4. are always fast, taking place almost instantaneously;
   
   
4. Titration as a laboratory operation involves:
   1. a pH-metter;
   2. a sulphuric acid solution;
   3. a standard or referential reactive;
   4. a burette;
   
   
5. When a chemical reaction is balanced, following should be considered:
   1. the principle of the conservation of the volume;
   2. all glassware should be clean before and after conducting the experiment;
   3. all glassware should be clean before, after and during the experiment;
   4. the principle of the conservation of the number of atoms for each element;
   
   

TEST DE FINAL DE LABORATOR
Studiul reactiilor chimice

1. Densitatea solutiilor depinde de:
   1. temperatura;
   2. concentratie;
   3. presiune;
   4. timpul scurs de cand au fost pregatite;
   
   
2. In calcule:
   1. este necesar sa luam rezultatele imediat ce acestea devin disponibile de la colegii nostrii;
   2. este necesar sa utilizam telefoanele;
   3. este necesar a se lua unele informatii de pe sticlele de reactivi;
   4. este necesara stabilirea coeficientilor reactiei chimice;
   5. este necesar sa utilizam unele formule care exprima īn moduri diferite concentratia;
   
   
3. Reactiile īntre acizi si baze:
   1. sunt toate exoterme, fiind, prin urmare, īn afara laboratorului periculoase;
   2. au drept consecinta dizolvarea unei sari;
   3. au īntotdeauna drept consecinta formarea unei cantitati de apa;
   4. sunt īntotdeauna rapide, avānd loc aproape instantaneu;
   
   
4. Titrarea ca o operatiune de laborator implica:
   1. un pH-metru;
   2. o solutie de acid sulfuric;
   3. un standard sau reactiv de referinta;
   4. o biureta;
   5. o solutie de sare;
   
   
5. Cānd o reactie chimica este echilibrat, ar trebui sa fie luate īn considerare urmatoarele:
   1. principiul conservarii volumului;
   2. toate sticlariile trebuie sa fie curat īnainte si dupa efectuarea experimentului;
   3. toate sticlariile trebuie sa fie curat īnainte, dupa, si īn timpul experimentului;
   4. principiul conservarii numarul de atomi pentru fiecare element;
   
   

FINAL TEST AT LABORATORY
Water analysis

1. Following reactions may tok place when we analyse a sample of water for total acidity:
   1. NaOH + CO₃^2- -> NaHCO₃^- + HO^-
   2. NaOH + HCOO⁺ -> HCOONa + HO⁺
   3. NaOH + HCOO^- -> HCOONa + HO^-
   4. NaOH + CH₃COO^- -> CH₃COONa + HO^-
   
   
2. For a water sample following measures may be quantitatively expressed:
   1. color;
   2. hardness;
   3. total acidity;
   4. mineral acidity;
   
   
3. Following reactions may tok place when we analyse a sample of water for mineral acidity:
   1. NaOH + Cl⁺ -> NaCl + HO⁺
   2. NaOH + SO₄^2- -> Na₂SO₄ + HO^-
   3. NaOH + NO₃⁺ -> NaNO₃ + HO⁺
   4. NaOH + Cl^- -> NaCl + HO^-
   
   
4. Following reactions may tok place when we analyse a sample of water for total alkalinity:
   1. HCl + HO^- -> H₂O + Cl^-
   2. HCl + CO₃²⁺ -> H₂CO₃ + Cl⁺
   3. HCl + PO₄³⁺ -> H₂PO₄⁺ + Cl⁺
   4. NaOH + Ni²⁺ -> Ni(OH)₂ + Na⁺
   
   
5. In the laboratory were analyzed:
   1. the concentration of the water;
   2. the mass of the water;
   3. the alkalinity of the water;
   4. the boiling point of the water;
   
   

TEST DE FINAL DE LABORATOR
Analiza apei

1. Urmatoarele reactii pot avea loc atunci cānd analizam un esantion de apa pentru aciditate totala:
   1. NaOH + CO₃^2- -> HCO₃^- + HO^-
   2. NaOH + HCOO⁺ -> HCOONa + HO⁺
   3. NaOH + HCOO^- -> HCOONa + HO^-
   4. NaOH + CH₃COO^- -> CH₃COONa+HO^-
   
   
2. Pentru o proba de apa urmatoarele masuri pot fi exprimate cantitativ:
   1. culoare;
   2. duritate;
   3. aciditate totala;
   4. aciditate minerala;
   5. alcalinitate permanenta;
   
   
3. Urmatoarele reactii pot avea loc atunci cānd analizam un esantion de apa pentru aciditate minerala:
   1. NaOH + Cl⁺ -> NaCl + HO⁺
   2. NaOH + SO₄^2- -> Na₂SO₄ + HO^-
   3. NaOH + NO₃⁺ -> NaNO₃ + HO⁺
   4. NaOH + Cl^- -> NaCl + HO^-
   
   
4. Urmatoarele reactii pot avea loc atunci cānd analizam un esantion de apa pentru alcalinitate totala:
   1. HCl + HO^- -> H₂O + Cl^-
   2. HCl + CO₃²⁺ -> H₂CO₃ + Cl⁺
   3. HCl + PO₄³⁺ -> H₂PO₄⁺ + Cl⁺
   4. NaOH + Ni²⁺ -> Ni(OH)₂ + Na⁺
   5. HCl + HO⁺ -> H₂O + Cl⁺
   
   
5. Īn laborator au fost analizate:
   1. concentratia apei;
   2. masa apei;
   3. alcalinitatea apei;
   4. punctul de fierbere al apei;
   5. moliciunea apei;
   
   

FINAL TEST AT LABORATORY
Water analysis

1. Following reactions may tok place when we analyse a sample of water for mineral acidity:
   1. NaOH + Cl⁺ -> NaCl + HO⁺
   2. NaOH + NO₃^- -> NaNO₃ + HO^-
   3. NaOH + SO₄²⁺ -> Na₂SO₄ + HO⁺
   4. NaOH + Zn²⁺ -> Zn(OH)₂ + Na⁺
   
   
2. For a water sample following measures may be quantitatively expressed:
   1. total acidity;
   2. total alkalinity;
   3. permanent alkalinity;
   4. color;
   
   
3. In the laboratory were analyzed:
   1. the acidity of the water;
   2. the alkalinity of the water;
   3. the solubility of the water;
   4. the color of the water;
   
   
4. Following reactions may tok place when we analyse a sample of water for partial alkalinity:
   1. NaOH + Fe²⁺ -> Fe(OH)₂ + Na⁺
   2. HCl + PO₄³⁺ -> HPO₄²⁺ + Cl⁺
   3. HCl + CO₃²⁺ -> HCO₃⁺ + Cl⁺
   4. HCl + HO⁺ -> H₂O + Cl⁺
   
   
5. In the laboratory the water were:
   1. hardened using the resin column;
   2. biologically purified using the resin column;
   3. alkalinized for drinking purposes;
   4. acidified for drinking purposes;
   
   

TEST DE FINAL DE LABORATOR
Analiza apei

1. Urmatoarele reactii pot avea loc atunci cānd analizam un esantion de apa pentru aciditate minerala:
   1. NaOH + Cl⁺ -> NaCl + HO⁺
   2. NaOH + NO₃^- -> NaNO₃ + HO^-
   3. NaOH + SO₄²⁺ -> Na₂SO₄ + HO⁺
   4. NaOH + Zn²⁺ -> Zn(OH)₂ + Na⁺
   
   
2. Pentru o proba de apa urmatoarele masuri pot fi exprimate cantitativ:
   1. aciditate totala;
   2. alcalinitate totala;
   3. alcalinitate permanenta;
   4. culoare;
   
   
3. Īn laborator au fost analizate:
   1. aciditatea apei;
   2. alcalinitatea apei;
   3. solubilitatea apei;
   4. culoarea apei;
   
   
4. Urmatoarele reactii pot avea loc atunci cānd analizam un esantion de apa pentru alcalinitate partiala:
   1. NaOH + Fe²⁺ -> Fe(OH)₂ + Na⁺
   2. HCl + PO₄³⁺ -> HPO₄²⁺ + Cl⁺
   3. HCl + CO₃²⁺ -> HCO₃⁺ + Cl⁺
   4. HCl + HO⁺ -> H₂O + Cl⁺
   5. HCl + PO₄^3- -> HPO₄^2- + Cl^-
   
   
5. In laborator apa au fost:
   1. calita folosind coloana de rasina;
   2. purificata biologic utilizānd coloana de rasina;
   3. alcalinizeaza pentru baut;
   4. acidulata pentru baut;
   5. dedurizata folosind coloana de rasina;
   
   

FINAL TEST AT LABORATORY
Water analysis

1. We may say the followings:
   1. water is pure only when is taken from a good freshwater mountain stream;
   2. purification of the water may include biological processes;
   3. water is a good polar solvent;
   4. purification of the water may include labeling processes;
   
   
2. Following reactions may tok place when we analyse a sample of water for total alkalinity:
   1. NaOH + Ni²⁺ -> Ni(OH)₂ + Na⁺
   2. HCl + PO₄³⁺ -> H₂PO₄⁺ + Cl⁺
   3. HCl + PO₄^3- -> H₂PO₄^- + Cl^-
   4. HCl + HO⁺ -> H₂O + Cl⁺
   
   
3. Following reactions may tok place when we analyse a sample of water for mineral acidity:
   1. NaOH + Cl⁺ -> NaCl + HO⁺
   2. NaOH + SO₄²⁺ -> Na₂SO₄ + HO⁺
   3. NaOH + Zn²⁺ -> Zn(OH)₂ + Na⁺
   4. NaOH + Cl^- -> NaCl + HO^-
   
   
4. EDTA is used:
   1. for safety precautions purposes;
   2. for complexing of Ca²⁺ and Mg²⁺ ions;
   3. for indication of the equilibrium point in the reaction;
   4. as reagent for determining the hardness of the water;
   
   
5. For a water sample following measures may be quantitatively expressed:
   1. permanent alkalinity;
   2. purity;
   3. mineral acidity;
   4. hardness;
   
   

TEST DE FINAL DE LABORATOR
Analiza apei

1. Putem spune urmatoarele:
   1. apa este pura doar atunci cānd este luata dintr-un bun izvor de munte de apa dulce;
   2. purificarea apei poate include procese biologice;
   3. apa este un solvent polar bun;
   4. purificarea apei poate include procesele de etichetare;
   
   
2. Urmatoarele reactii pot avea loc atunci cānd analizam un esantion de apa pentru alcalinitate totala:
   1. NaOH + Ni²⁺ -> Ni(OH)₂ + Na⁺
   2. HCl + PO₄³⁺ -> H₂PO₄⁺ + Cl⁺
   3. HCl + PO₄^3- -> H₂PO₄^- + Cl^-
   4. HCl + HO⁺ -> H₂O + Cl⁺
   5. HCl + CO₃^2- -> H₂CO₃ + Cl^-
   
   
3. Urmatoarele reactii pot avea loc atunci cānd analizam un esantion de apa pentru aciditate minerala:
   1. NaOH + Cl⁺ -> NaCl + HO⁺
   2. NaOH + SO₄²⁺ -> Na₂SO₄ + HO⁺
   3. NaOH + Zn²⁺ -> Zn(OH)₂ + Na⁺
   4. NaOH + Cl^- -> NaCl + HO^-
   5. NaOH + SO₄^2- -> Na₂SO₄ + HO^-
   
   
4. EDTA este utilizat:
   1. ca masura de siguranta;
   2. pentru complexarea ionilor de Ca^{2 +}si Mg^{2 +};
   3. pentru indicarea punctului de echilibru īn reactie;
   4. ca reactiv pentru determinarea duritatii apei;
   5. pentru reīncarcarea rasinii la dedurizarea apei;
   
   
5. Pentru o proba de apa urmatoarele masuri pot fi exprimate cantitativ:
   1. alcalinitate permanenta;
   2. puritate;
   3. aciditate minerala;
   4. duritate;
   5. aciditate totala;
   
   

FINAL TEST AT LABORATORY
Water analysis

1. Following reactions may tok place when we analyse a sample of water for mineral acidity:
   1. NaOH + Zn²⁺ -> Zn(OH)₂ + Na⁺
   2. NaOH + NO₃^- -> NaNO₃ + HO^-
   3. NaOH + Cl⁺ -> NaCl + HO⁺
   4. NaOH + NO₃⁺ -> NaNO₃ + HO⁺
   
   
2. EDTA is used:
   1. for complexing of Na¹⁺ and K¹⁺ ions;
   2. as reagent for determining the hardness of the water;
   3. for safety precautions purposes;
   4. for complexing of Ca²⁺ and Mg²⁺ ions;
   
   
3. For a water sample following measures may be quantitatively expressed:
   1. mineral acidity;
   2. color;
   3. hardness;
   4. total acidity;
   
   
4. Following reactions may tok place when we analyse a sample of water for partial alkalinity:
   1. HCl + PO₄^3- -> HPO₄^2- + Cl^-
   2. NaOH + Fe²⁺ -> Fe(OH)₂ + Na⁺
   3. HCl + HO^- -> H₂O + Cl^-
   4. HCl + PO₄³⁺ -> HPO₄²⁺ + Cl⁺
   
   
5. Following reactions may tok place when we analyse a sample of water for total alkalinity:
   1. NaOH + Ni²⁺ -> Ni(OH)₂ + Na⁺
   2. HCl + HO^- -> H₂O + Cl^-
   3. HCl + PO₄^3- -> H₂PO₄^- + Cl^-
   4. HCl + HO⁺ -> H₂O + Cl⁺
   
   

TEST DE FINAL DE LABORATOR
Analiza apei

1. Urmatoarele reactii pot avea loc atunci cānd analizam un esantion de apa pentru aciditate minerala:
   1. NaOH + Zn²⁺ -> Zn(OH)₂ + Na⁺
   2. NaOH + NO₃^- -> NaNO₃ + HO^-
   3. NaOH + Cl⁺ -> NaCl + HO⁺
   4. NaOH + NO₃⁺ -> NaNO₃ + HO⁺
   
   
2. EDTA este utilizat:
   1. pentru complexarea ionilor de Na^{1 +}si K^{1 +};
   2. ca reactiv pentru determinarea duritatii apei;
   3. ca masura de siguranta;
   4. pentru complexarea ionilor de Ca^{2 +}si Mg^{2 +};
   
   
3. Pentru o proba de apa urmatoarele masuri pot fi exprimate cantitativ:
   1. aciditate minerala;
   2. culoare;
   3. duritate;
   4. aciditate totala;
   5. alcalinitate permanenta;
   
   
4. Urmatoarele reactii pot avea loc atunci cānd analizam un esantion de apa pentru alcalinitate partiala:
   1. HCl + PO₄^3- -> HPO₄^2- + Cl^-
   2. NaOH + Fe²⁺ -> Fe(OH)₂ + Na⁺
   3. HCl + HO^- -> H₂O+Cl^-
   4. HCl + PO₄³⁺ -> HPO₄²⁺ + Cl⁺
   5. HCl + CO₃^2- -> HCO₃^- + Cl^-
   
   
5. Urmatoarele reactii pot avea loc atunci cānd analizam un esantion de apa pentru alcalinitate totala:
   1. NaOH + Ni²⁺ -> Ni(OH)₂ + Na⁺
   2. HCl + HO^- -> H₂O + Cl^-
   3. HCl + PO₄^3- -> H₂PO₄^- + Cl^-
   4. HCl + HO⁺ -> H₂O + Cl⁺
   5. HCl + CO₃^2- -> H₂CO₃ + Cl^-
   
   

FINAL TEST AT LABORATORY
Water analysis

1. Following reactions may tok place when we analyse a sample of water for total alkalinity:
   1. HCl + HO^- -> H₂O + Cl^-
   2. HCl + PO₄³⁺ -> H₂PO₄⁺ + Cl⁺
   3. HCl + CO₃^2- -> H₂CO₃ + Cl^-
   4. NaOH + Ni²⁺ -> Ni(OH)₂ + Na⁺
   
   
2. For a water sample following measures may be quantitatively expressed:
   1. total alkalinity;
   2. permanent alkalinity;
   3. total acidity;
   4. purity;
   
   
3. We may say the followings:
   1. purification of the water may include physical processes;
   2. purification of the water may include biological processes;
   3. natural water may contain organic matter and living organisms;
   4. water is pure only when is taken from a good freshwater mountain stream;
   
   
4. Following reactions may tok place when we analyse a sample of water for partial alkalinity:
   1. HCl + CO₃²⁺ -> HCO₃⁺ + Cl⁺
   2. HCl + HO⁺ -> H₂O + Cl⁺
   3. HCl + PO₄³⁺ -> HPO₄²⁺ + Cl⁺
   4. NaOH + Fe²⁺ -> Fe(OH)₂ + Na⁺
   
   
5. Following reactions may tok place when we analyse a sample of water for mineral acidity:
   1. NaOH + NO₃⁺ -> NaNO₃ + HO⁺
   2. NaOH + SO₄²⁺ -> Na₂SO₄ + HO⁺
   3. NaOH + Zn²⁺ -> Zn(OH)₂ + Na⁺
   4. NaOH + SO₄^2- -> Na₂SO₄ + HO^-
   
   

TEST DE FINAL DE LABORATOR
Analiza apei

1. Urmatoarele reactii pot avea loc atunci cānd analizam un esantion de apa pentru alcalinitate totala:
   1. HCl + HO^- -> H₂O + Cl^-
   2. HCl + PO₄³⁺ -> H₂PO₄⁺ + Cl⁺
   3. HCl + CO₃^2- -> H₂CO₃ + Cl^-
   4. NaOH + Ni²⁺ -> Ni(OH)₂ + Na⁺
   5. HCl + HO⁺ -> H₂O + Cl⁺
   
   
2. Pentru o proba de apa urmatoarele masuri pot fi exprimate cantitativ:
   1. alcalinitate totala;
   2. alcalinitate permanenta;
   3. aciditate totala;
   4. puritate;
   5. culoare;
   
   
3. Putem spune urmatoarele:
   1. purificarea apei poate include procedee fizice;
   2. purificarea apei poate include procese biologice;
   3. apa naturala poate contine materie organica si organisme vii;
   4. apa este pura doar atunci cānd este luata dintr-un bun izvor de munte de apa dulce;
   
   
4. Urmatoarele reactii pot avea loc atunci cānd analizam un esantion de apa pentru alcalinitate partiala:
   1. HCl + CO₃²⁺ -> HCO₃⁺ + Cl⁺
   2. HCl + HO⁺ -> H₂O + Cl⁺
   3. HCl + PO₄³⁺ -> HPO₄²⁺ + Cl⁺
   4. NaOH + Fe²⁺ -> Fe(OH)₂ + Na⁺
   5. HCl + CO₃^2- -> HCO₃^- + Cl^-
   
   
5. Urmatoarele reactii pot avea loc atunci cānd analizam un esantion de apa pentru aciditate minerala:
   1. NaOH + NO₃⁺ -> NaNO₃ + HO⁺
   2. NaOH + SO₄²⁺ -> Na₂SO₄ + HO⁺
   3. NaOH + Zn²⁺ -> Zn(OH)₂ + Na⁺
   4. NaOH + SO₄^2- -> Na₂SO₄ + HO^-
   
   

FINAL TEST AT LABORATORY
Volumetric and gravimetric methods in study of corrosion

1. Corrosion of metals:
   1. is a beneficial process that shows the stability of metals;
   2. is the destruction of metals under the action of external factors;
   3. may provide useful raw materials for analysis;
   4. can be reduced by passivation;
   
   
2. In studied corrosion processes:
   1. always the metal changes its oxidation state;
   2. a gas is released only the corrosion of aluminum;
   3. the metal it changes its oxidation state becoming an cation;
   4. a gas is released at both corrosion of zinc and aluminum;
   
   
3. The aluminum plate:
   1. the mass is measured before and after immersing it in NaOH;
   2. was involved in the gravimetric method of corrosion analysis
   3. is expected to have approximately the same mass at the end of the semester as at the beginning of it;
   4. was degreased in sodium hydroxide solution;
   
   
4. Which of the following reactions may be called as of corrosion:
   1. H⁺ + Ni -> H₂ + Ni²⁺
   2. Ni(CO)₄ -> Ni + CO
   3. H⁺ + Fe -> H₂ + Fe²⁺
   4. Fe₂O₃ + CO -> Fe + CO₂
   
   
5. The zinc plate:
   1. was corroded in sulfuric solution;
   2. was degreased in sulfuric acid solution;
   3. is expected to have approximately the same mass at the end of the semester as at the beginning of it;
   4. the surface is measured before and after immersing it in H₂SO₄;
   
   

TEST DE FINAL DE LABORATOR
Metode volumetrice si gravimetrice in studiul coroziunii

1. Coroziunea metalelor:
   1. este un proces benefic care arata stabilitatea metalelor;
   2. este distrugerea metalelor sub actiunea factorilor externi;
   3. poate furniza materii prime utile pentru analiza;
   4. poate fi redusa prin pasivare;
   
   
2. Īn procesele de coroziune studiate:
   1. īntotdeauna metalul isi schimba starea de oxidare;
   2. un gaz este eliberat numai la corodarea aluminiului;
   3. metalul isi schimba starea de oxidare pentru a deveni un cation;
   4. un gaz este eliberat la ambele coroziuni ale zincului si aluminiului;
   
   
3. Pentru placa de aluminiu:
   1. masa este masurata īnainte si dupa imersia īn NaOH;
   2. a fost implicata īn metoda gravimetrica de analiza a coroziunii
   3. este de asteptat sa aiba aproximativ aceeasi masa la sfārsitul semestrului ca la īnceputul acestuia;
   4. a fost degresata īn solutie de hidroxid de sodiu;
   5. a fost implicata īn metoda volumetrica de analiza a coroziunii
   
   
4. Care dintre urmatoarele reactii pot fi numite ca fiind de coroziune:
   1. H⁺ + Ni -> H₂ + Ni²⁺
   2. Ni(CO)₄ -> Ni + CO
   3. H⁺ + Fe -> H₂ + Fe²⁺
   4. Fe₂O₃ + CO -> Fe + CO₂
   5. H₂O + HO^- + Al -> H₂ + Al(OH)₄^-
   
   
5. Pentru placa de zinc:
   1. a fost corodata īn solutie sulfuric;
   2. a fost degresata īn solutie de acid sulfuric;
   3. este de asteptat sa aiba aproximativ aceeasi masa la sfārsitul semestrului ca la īnceputul acestuia;
   4. suprafata se masoara īnainte si dupa imersia īn H₂SO₄;
   5. volumul se masoara īnainte si dupa imersia īn H₂SO₄;
   
   

FINAL TEST AT LABORATORY
Volumetric and gravimetric methods in study of corrosion

1. Corrosion of metals:
   1. can be reduced by passivation;
   2. can be reduced by electroplating;
   3. is the protection in time to chemical agents;
   4. is the destruction of metals under the action of external factors;
   
   
2. Which of the following reactions may be called as of corrosion:
   1. H₂O + HO^- + Al -> H₂ + Al(OH)₄^-
   2. Ni(CO)₄ -> Ni + CO
   3. Fe₂O₃ + CO -> Fe + CO₂
   4. ZnO + H₂SO₄ -> ZnSO₄ + H₂O
   
   
3. In studied corrosion processes:
   1. the metal it changes its oxidation state becoming an anion;
   2. a gas is released at both corrosion of zinc and aluminum;
   3. always the metal changes its oxidation state;
   4. a gas is released only the corrosion of zinc;
   
   
4. The aluminum plate:
   1. was involved in the volumetric method of corrosion analysis
   2. the volume is measured before and after immersing it in NaOH;
   3. the surface is measured before and after immersing it in NaOH;
   4. is expected to have approximately the same mass at the end of the semester as at the beginning of it;
   
   
5. The zinc plate:
   1. the surface is measured before and after immersing it in H₂SO₄;
   2. the mass is measured before and after immersing it in H₂SO₄;
   3. was involved in the volumetric method of corrosion analysis
   4. was degreased in sulfuric acid solution;
   
   

TEST DE FINAL DE LABORATOR
Metode volumetrice si gravimetrice in studiul coroziunii

1. Coroziunea metalelor:
   1. poate fi redusa prin pasivare;
   2. poate fi redusa prin galvanizare;
   3. este protectia de durata impotriva agentilor chimici;
   4. este distrugerea metalelor sub actiunea factorilor externi;
   
   
2. Care dintre urmatoarele reactii pot fi numite ca fiind de coroziune:
   1. H₂O + HO^- + Al -> H₂ + Al(OH)₄^-
   2. Ni(CO)₄ -> Ni + CO
   3. Fe₂O₃ + CO -> Fe + CO₂
   4. ZnO + H₂SO₄ -> ZnSO₄ + H₂O
   5. H⁺ + Ni -> H₂ + Ni²⁺
   
   
3. Īn procesele de coroziune studiate:
   1. metalul isi schimba starea de oxidare pentru a deveni un anion;
   2. un gaz este eliberat la ambele coroziuni ale zincului si aluminiului;
   3. īntotdeauna metalul isi schimba starea de oxidare;
   4. un gaz este eliberat numai la corodarea zincului;
   5. atunci cānd un gaz este eliberat volumul sau depinde de cantitatea de metal corodat;
   
   
4. Pentru placa de aluminiu:
   1. a fost implicata īn metoda volumetrica de analiza a coroziunii
   2. volumul se masoara īnainte si dupa imersia īn NaOH;
   3. suprafata se masoara īnainte si dupa imersia īn NaOH;
   4. este de asteptat sa aiba aproximativ aceeasi masa la sfārsitul semestrului ca la īnceputul acestuia;
   5. a fost corodata īn solutie de hidroxid de sodiu;
   
   
5. Pentru placa de zinc:
   1. suprafata se masoara īnainte si dupa imersia īn H₂SO₄;
   2. masa este masurata īnainte si dupa imersia īn H₂SO₄;
   3. a fost implicata īn metoda volumetrica de analiza a coroziunii
   4. a fost degresata īn solutie de acid sulfuric;
   5. a fost implicata īn metoda gravimetrica de analiza a coroziunii
   
   

FINAL TEST AT LABORATORY
Volumetric and gravimetric methods in study of corrosion

1. In studied corrosion processes:
   1. always the metal changes its oxidation state;
   2. the metal it changes its oxidation state becoming an anion;
   3. a gas is released only the corrosion of zinc;
   4. a gas is released at both corrosion of zinc and aluminum;
   
   
2. Which of the following reactions may be called as of corrosion:
   1. H⁺ + Zn -> H₂ + Zn²⁺
   2. Ni(CO)₄ -> Ni + CO
   3. ZnO + H₂SO₄ -> ZnSO₄ + H₂O
   4. H₂O + HO^- + Al -> H₂ + Al(OH)₄^-
   
   
3. Corrosion of metals:
   1. is helping in the process of cleaning the metals surfaces;
   2. takes place merely from exposure to moisture in air;
   3. is the protection in time to chemical agents;
   4. can be reduced by electroplating;
   
   
4. The aluminum plate:
   1. the volume is measured before and after immersing it in NaOH;
   2. was degreased in sodium hydroxide solution;
   3. was involved in the gravimetric method of corrosion analysis
   4. the surface is measured before and after immersing it in NaOH;
   
   
5. The zinc plate:
   1. the surface is measured before and after immersing it in H₂SO₄;
   2. was involved in the volumetric method of corrosion analysis
   3. is expected to have approximately the same mass at the end of the semester as at the beginning of it;
   4. was involved in the gravimetric method of corrosion analysis
   
   

TEST DE FINAL DE LABORATOR
Metode volumetrice si gravimetrice in studiul coroziunii

1. Īn procesele de coroziune studiate:
   1. īntotdeauna metalul isi schimba starea de oxidare;
   2. metalul isi schimba starea de oxidare pentru a deveni un anion;
   3. un gaz este eliberat numai la corodarea zincului;
   4. un gaz este eliberat la ambele coroziuni ale zincului si aluminiului;
   5. metalul isi schimba starea de oxidare pentru a deveni un cation;
   
   
2. Care dintre urmatoarele reactii pot fi numite ca fiind de coroziune:
   1. H⁺ + Zn -> H₂ + Zn²⁺
   2. Ni(CO)₄ -> Ni + CO
   3. ZnO + H₂SO₄ -> ZnSO₄ + H₂O
   4. H₂O + HO^- + Al -> H₂ + Al(OH)₄^-
   
   
3. Coroziunea metalelor:
   1. este de ajutor īn procesul de curatare a suprafetelor metalelor;
   2. are loc pur si simplu prin expunerea la umiditate īn aer;
   3. este protectia de durata impotriva agentilor chimici;
   4. poate fi redusa prin galvanizare;
   
   
4. Pentru placa de aluminiu:
   1. volumul se masoara īnainte si dupa imersia īn NaOH;
   2. a fost degresata īn solutie de hidroxid de sodiu;
   3. a fost implicata īn metoda gravimetrica de analiza a coroziunii
   4. suprafata se masoara īnainte si dupa imersia īn NaOH;
   5. este de asteptat sa aiba aproximativ aceeasi masa la sfārsitul semestrului ca la īnceputul acestuia;
   
   
5. Pentru placa de zinc:
   1. suprafata se masoara īnainte si dupa imersia īn H₂SO₄;
   2. a fost implicata īn metoda volumetrica de analiza a coroziunii
   3. este de asteptat sa aiba aproximativ aceeasi masa la sfārsitul semestrului ca la īnceputul acestuia;
   4. a fost implicata īn metoda gravimetrica de analiza a coroziunii
   5. a fost corodata īn solutie sulfuric;
   
   

FINAL TEST AT LABORATORY
Volumetric and gravimetric methods in study of corrosion

1. In studied corrosion processes:
   1. a gas is released only the corrosion of aluminum;
   2. a gas is released only the corrosion of zinc;
   3. always the metal changes its oxidation state;
   4. when a gas is released its volume depends on the amount of metal corroded;
   
   
2. The aluminum plate:
   1. the mass is measured before and after immersing it in NaOH;
   2. the surface is measured before and after immersing it in NaOH;
   3. was degreased in sodium hydroxide solution;
   4. was involved in the gravimetric method of corrosion analysis
   
   
3. The zinc plate:
   1. was corroded in sulfuric solution;
   2. was involved in the gravimetric method of corrosion analysis
   3. the surface is measured before and after immersing it in H₂SO₄;
   4. was degreased in sulfuric acid solution;
   
   
4. Which of the following reactions may be called as of corrosion:
   1. H₂O + HO^- + Al -> H₂ + Al(OH)₄^-
   2. Fe₂O₃ + CO -> Fe + CO₂
   3. H⁺ + Fe -> H₂ + Fe²⁺
   4. Al₂O₃ + NaOH -> NaAlO₂
   
   
5. Corrosion of metals:
   1. is helping in the process of cleaning the metals surfaces;
   2. is the protection in time to chemical agents;
   3. can be reduced by electroplating;
   4. takes place merely from exposure to moisture in air;
   
   

TEST DE FINAL DE LABORATOR
Metode volumetrice si gravimetrice in studiul coroziunii

1. Īn procesele de coroziune studiate:
   1. un gaz este eliberat numai la corodarea aluminiului;
   2. un gaz este eliberat numai la corodarea zincului;
   3. īntotdeauna metalul isi schimba starea de oxidare;
   4. atunci cānd un gaz este eliberat volumul sau depinde de cantitatea de metal corodat;
   
   
2. Pentru placa de aluminiu:
   1. masa este masurata īnainte si dupa imersia īn NaOH;
   2. suprafata se masoara īnainte si dupa imersia īn NaOH;
   3. a fost degresata īn solutie de hidroxid de sodiu;
   4. a fost implicata īn metoda gravimetrica de analiza a coroziunii
   
   
3. Pentru placa de zinc:
   1. a fost corodata īn solutie sulfuric;
   2. a fost implicata īn metoda gravimetrica de analiza a coroziunii
   3. suprafata se masoara īnainte si dupa imersia īn H₂SO₄;
   4. a fost degresata īn solutie de acid sulfuric;
   
   
4. Care dintre urmatoarele reactii pot fi numite ca fiind de coroziune:
   1. H₂O + HO^- + Al -> H₂ + Al(OH)₄^-
   2. Fe₂O₃ + CO -> Fe + CO₂
   3. H⁺ + Fe -> H₂ + Fe²⁺
   4. Al₂O₃ + NaOH -> NaAlO₂
   
   
5. Coroziunea metalelor:
   1. este de ajutor īn procesul de curatare a suprafetelor metalelor;
   2. este protectia de durata impotriva agentilor chimici;
   3. poate fi redusa prin galvanizare;
   4. are loc pur si simplu prin expunerea la umiditate īn aer;
   
   

FINAL TEST AT LABORATORY
Volumetric and gravimetric methods in study of corrosion

1. The zinc plate:
   1. the mass is measured before and after immersing it in H₂SO₄;
   2. was degreased in sulfuric acid solution;
   3. the surface is measured before and after immersing it in H₂SO₄;
   4. was corroded in sulfuric solution;
   
   
2. Which of the following reactions may be called as of corrosion:
   1. H⁺ + Zn -> H₂ + Zn²⁺
   2. H₂O + HO^- + Al -> H₂ + Al(OH)₄^-
   3. ZnO + H₂SO₄ -> ZnSO₄ + H₂O
   4. Ni(CO)₄ -> Ni + CO
   
   
3. Corrosion of metals:
   1. is a beneficial process that shows the stability of metals;
   2. is helping in the process of cleaning the metals surfaces;
   3. can be reduced by passivation;
   4. can be reduced by electroplating;
   
   
4. In studied corrosion processes:
   1. a gas is released only the corrosion of zinc;
   2. a gas is released only the corrosion of aluminum;
   3. a gas is released at both corrosion of zinc and aluminum;
   4. when a gas is released its volume depends on the amount of metal corroded;
   
   
5. The aluminum plate:
   1. is expected to have approximately the same mass at the end of the semester as at the beginning of it;
   2. the surface is measured before and after immersing it in NaOH;
   3. was involved in the volumetric method of corrosion analysis
   4. the volume is measured before and after immersing it in NaOH;
   
   

TEST DE FINAL DE LABORATOR
Metode volumetrice si gravimetrice in studiul coroziunii

1. Pentru placa de zinc:
   1. masa este masurata īnainte si dupa imersia īn H₂SO₄;
   2. a fost degresata īn solutie de acid sulfuric;
   3. suprafata se masoara īnainte si dupa imersia īn H₂SO₄;
   4. a fost corodata īn solutie sulfuric;
   5. volumul se masoara īnainte si dupa imersia īn H₂SO₄;
   
   
2. Care dintre urmatoarele reactii pot fi numite ca fiind de coroziune:
   1. H⁺ + Zn -> H₂ + Zn²⁺
   2. H₂O + HO^- + Al -> H₂ + Al(OH)₄^-
   3. ZnO + H₂SO₄ -> ZnSO₄ + H₂O
   4. Ni(CO)₄ -> Ni + CO
   
   
3. Coroziunea metalelor:
   1. este un proces benefic care arata stabilitatea metalelor;
   2. este de ajutor īn procesul de curatare a suprafetelor metalelor;
   3. poate fi redusa prin pasivare;
   4. poate fi redusa prin galvanizare;
   5. poate furniza materii prime utile pentru analiza;
   
   
4. Īn procesele de coroziune studiate:
   1. un gaz este eliberat numai la corodarea zincului;
   2. un gaz este eliberat numai la corodarea aluminiului;
   3. un gaz este eliberat la ambele coroziuni ale zincului si aluminiului;
   4. atunci cānd un gaz este eliberat volumul sau depinde de cantitatea de metal corodat;
   5. metalul isi schimba starea de oxidare pentru a deveni un cation;
   
   
5. Pentru placa de aluminiu:
   1. este de asteptat sa aiba aproximativ aceeasi masa la sfārsitul semestrului ca la īnceputul acestuia;
   2. suprafata se masoara īnainte si dupa imersia īn NaOH;
   3. a fost implicata īn metoda volumetrica de analiza a coroziunii
   4. volumul se masoara īnainte si dupa imersia īn NaOH;
   5. a fost corodata īn solutie de hidroxid de sodiu;
   
   

FINAL TEST AT LABORATORY
Nickel corrosion protective electroplating

1. Electrical conductivity of nickel salts solutions:
   1. is reduced by salts additions;
   2. depends on the intensity of the current used;
   3. is improved by salts additions;
   4. is relatively small;
   
   
2. It is expected to have a mass of nickel deposited:
   1. higher than the calculated theoretical one;
   2. proportional with the intensity of the current used;
   3. inversely proportional with the surface of the sample;
   4. much lower than the calculated theoretical one;
   
   
3. Theoretical mass of nickel deposited is calculated using:
   1. law of mass action;
   2. perfect gas law;
   3. solutions laws;
   4. the electrolysis law;
   
   
4. The intensity of the current:
   1. affect only the quantity of the nickel deposition;
   2. is to be calculated before to start the experiment;
   3. does not affect the quality nor the quantity of the nickel deposition;
   4. is to be adjusted when the experiment starts;
   
   
5. At the nickel plating following reactions took place:
   1. at cathode (-), connected with metallic piece, Ni²⁺ + 2e^- -> Ni⁰
   2. at high densities of current oxygen anions (O^2-) have the tendency to discharge at the cathode: O^2- - 2e^- -> O₂⁰
   3. at anode (+), connected with nickel piece, Ni⁰ - 2e^- -> Ni²⁺
   4. at anode (+), connected with nickel piece, Ni²⁺ + 2e^- -> Ni⁰
   
   

TEST DE FINAL DE LABORATOR
Electrodepunerea nichelului protectiva impotriva coroziunii

1. Conductivitatea electrica a solutiilor de saruri de nichel:
   1. este redusa prin adaosuri de saruri;
   2. depinde de intensitatea curentului utilizat;
   3. este īmbunatatita prin adaosuri de saruri;
   4. este relativ mica;
   
   
2. Este de asteptat ca masa de nichel depus sa fie:
   1. mai mare decāt cea teoretica calculata;
   2. proportionala cu intensitatea curentului utilizat;
   3. invers proportionala cu suprafata probei;
   4. mult mai mica decāt cea teoretica calculata;
   
   
3. Masa teoretica de nichel depus se calculeaza folosind:
   1. legea actiunii maselor;
   2. legea gazelor perfecte;
   3. legea solutilor;
   4. legea electrolizei;
   
   
4. Intensitatea curentului:
   1. afecteaza numai cantitatea de nichel depus;
   2. trebuie sa fie calculata īnainte de a īncepe experimentul;
   3. nu afecteaza calitatea nici cantitatea nichelului depus;
   4. trebuie sa fie ajustata cand se incepe experimentul;
   
   
5. La nichelare urmatoarele reactii au avut loc:
   1. la catod (-), īn contact cu piesa metalica, Ni²⁺ + 2e^- -> Ni⁰
   2. la densitati mari de curent anionii de oxigen (O^2-) au tendinta de a descarca la catod: O^2- - 2e^- -> O₂⁰
   3. la anod (+), īn contact cu piesa de nichel, Ni⁰ - 2e^- -> Ni²⁺
   4. la anod (+), īn legatura cu piesa de nichel, Ni²⁺ + 2e^- -> Ni⁰
   
   

FINAL TEST AT LABORATORY
Nickel corrosion protective electroplating

1. The intensity of the current:
   1. is to be adjusted when the experiment starts;
   2. affect only the quantity of the nickel deposition;
   3. should be adjusted by the technicians, we have nothing to do there;
   4. is to be calculated before to start the experiment;
   
   
2. Theoretical mass of nickel deposited is calculated using:
   1. the electrolysis law;
   2. perfect gas law;
   3. solutions laws;
   4. law of mass action;
   
   
3. It is expected to have a mass of nickel deposited:
   1. inversely proportional with the surface of the sample;
   2. lower than the calculated theoretical one;
   3. proportional with the intensity of the current used;
   4. inversely proportional with the intensity of the current used;
   
   
4. At the nickel plating following reactions took place:
   1. at cathode (-), connected with metallic piece, Ni²⁺ + 2e^- -> Ni⁰
   2. at anode (+), connected with nickel piece, Ni²⁺ + 2e^- -> Ni⁰
   3. at high densities of current oxygen anions (O^2-) have the tendency to discharge at the cathode: O^2- - 2e^- -> O₂⁰
   4. at cathode (-), connected with metallic piece, Ni⁰ - 2e^- -> Ni²⁺
   
   
5. Electrical conductivity of nickel salts solutions:
   1. is improved by salts additions;
   2. is reduced by salts additions;
   3. is relatively high;
   4. is relatively small;
   
   

TEST DE FINAL DE LABORATOR
Electrodepunerea nichelului protectiva impotriva coroziunii

1. Intensitatea curentului:
   1. trebuie sa fie ajustata cand se incepe experimentul;
   2. afecteaza numai cantitatea de nichel depus;
   3. ar trebui sa fie ajustata de catre tehnicieni, nu avem nimic de a face acolo;
   4. trebuie sa fie calculata īnainte de a īncepe experimentul;
   
   
2. Masa teoretica de nichel depus se calculeaza folosind:
   1. legea electrolizei;
   2. legea gazelor perfecte;
   3. legea solutilor;
   4. legea actiunii maselor;
   5. legea conservarii energiei;
   
   
3. Este de asteptat ca masa de nichel depus sa fie:
   1. invers proportionala cu suprafata probei;
   2. mai mica decāt cea teoretica calculata;
   3. proportionala cu intensitatea curentului utilizat;
   4. invers proportionala cu intensitatea curentului utilizat;
   5. invers proportional cu timpul de nichelare;
   
   
4. La nichelare urmatoarele reactii au avut loc:
   1. la catod (-), īn contact cu piesa metalica, Ni²⁺ + 2e^- -> Ni⁰
   2. la anod (+), īn legatura cu piesa de nichel, Ni²⁺ + 2e^- -> Ni⁰
   3. la densitati mari de curent anionii de oxigen (O^2-) au tendinta de a descarca la catod: O^2- - 2e^- -> O₂⁰
   4. la catod (-), īn legatura cu piesa metalica, Ni⁰ - 2e^- -> Ni²⁺
   5. la densitati mari de curent anionii de oxigen (O^2-) au tendinta de a descarca la anod: O^2- - 2e^- -> O₂⁰
   
   
5. Conductivitatea electrica a solutiilor de saruri de nichel:
   1. este īmbunatatita prin adaosuri de saruri;
   2. este redusa prin adaosuri de saruri;
   3. este relativ mare;
   4. este relativ mica;
   
   

FINAL TEST AT LABORATORY
Nickel corrosion protective electroplating

1. Electrical conductivity of nickel salts solutions:
   1. is relatively high;
   2. is relatively small;
   3. is reduced by salts additions;
   4. depends on the potential of the source used;
   
   
2. Theoretical mass of nickel deposited is calculated using:
   1. perfect gas law;
   2. solutions laws;
   3. the electrolysis law;
   4. the conservation of the number of atoms for each element law;
   
   
3. The intensity of the current:
   1. affect only the quality of the nickel deposition;
   2. is to be adjusted when the experiment starts;
   3. does not affect the quality nor the quantity of the nickel deposition;
   4. is to be calculated after conducting the experiment;
   
   
4. It is expected to have a mass of nickel deposited:
   1. inversely proportional with the surface of the sample;
   2. much higher than the calculated theoretical one;
   3. proportional with the surface of the sample;
   4. higher than the calculated theoretical one;
   
   
5. At the nickel plating following reactions took place:
   1. at high densities of current oxygen anions (O^2-) have the tendency to discharge at the cathode: O^2- - 2e^- -> O₂⁰
   2. at cathode (-), connected with metallic piece, Ni⁰ - 2e^- -> Ni²⁺
   3. at high densities of current oxygen anions (O^2-) have the tendency to discharge at the anode: O^2- - 2e^- -> O₂⁰
   4. at cathode (-), connected with metallic piece, Ni²⁺ + 2e^- -> Ni⁰
   
   

TEST DE FINAL DE LABORATOR
Electrodepunerea nichelului protectiva impotriva coroziunii

1. Conductivitatea electrica a solutiilor de saruri de nichel:
   1. este relativ mare;
   2. este relativ mica;
   3. este redusa prin adaosuri de saruri;
   4. depinde de potentialul sursei utilizate;
   
   
2. Masa teoretica de nichel depus se calculeaza folosind:
   1. legea gazelor perfecte;
   2. legea solutilor;
   3. legea electrolizei;
   4. conservarea numarului de atomi pentru fiecare element;
   
   
3. Intensitatea curentului:
   1. afecteaza numai calitatea depunerii nichelului;
   2. trebuie sa fie ajustata cand se incepe experimentul;
   3. nu afecteaza calitatea nici cantitatea nichelului depus;
   4. se calculeaza dupa efectuarea experimentului;
   
   
4. Este de asteptat ca masa de nichel depus sa fie:
   1. invers proportionala cu suprafata probei;
   2. mult mai mare decāt cea teoretica calculata;
   3. proportionala cu suprafata probei;
   4. mai mare decāt cea teoretica calculata;
   5. mult mai mica decāt cea teoretica calculata;
   
   
5. La nichelare urmatoarele reactii au avut loc:
   1. la densitati mari de curent anionii de oxigen (O^2-) au tendinta de a descarca la catod: O^2- - 2e^- -> O₂⁰
   2. la catod (-), īn legatura cu piesa metalica, Ni⁰ - 2e^- -> Ni²⁺
   3. la densitati mari de curent anionii de oxigen (O^2-) au tendinta de a descarca la anod: O^2- - 2e^- -> O₂⁰
   4. la catod (-), īn contact cu piesa metalica, Ni²⁺ + 2e^- -> Ni⁰
   5. la anod (+), īn legatura cu piesa de nichel, Ni²⁺ + 2e^- -> Ni⁰
   
   

FINAL TEST AT LABORATORY
Nickel corrosion protective electroplating

1. The intensity of the current:
   1. is to be adjusted when the experiment starts;
   2. should be adjusted by the technicians, we have nothing to do there;
   3. is to be calculated after conducting the experiment;
   4. affect only the quality of the nickel deposition;
   
   
2. At the nickel plating following reactions took place:
   1. at anode (+), connected with nickel piece, Ni⁰ - 2e^- -> Ni²⁺
   2. at anode (+), connected with nickel piece, Ni²⁺ + 2e^- -> Ni⁰
   3. at cathode (-), connected with metallic piece, Ni²⁺ + 2e^- -> Ni⁰
   4. at high densities of current oxygen anions (O^2-) have the tendency to discharge at the cathode: O^2- - 2e^- -> O₂⁰
   
   
3. Theoretical mass of nickel deposited is calculated using:
   1. the conservation of the number of atoms for each element law;
   2. perfect gas law;
   3. solutions laws;
   4. the electrolysis law;
   
   
4. It is expected to have a mass of nickel deposited:
   1. proportional with the nickel plating time;
   2. inversely proportional with the intensity of the current used;
   3. much higher than the calculated theoretical one;
   4. much lower than the calculated theoretical one;
   
   
5. Electrical conductivity of nickel salts solutions:
   1. is relatively small;
   2. is reduced by salts additions;
   3. depends on the intensity of the current used;
   4. depends on the potential of the source used;
   
   

TEST DE FINAL DE LABORATOR
Electrodepunerea nichelului protectiva impotriva coroziunii

1. Intensitatea curentului:
   1. trebuie sa fie ajustata cand se incepe experimentul;
   2. ar trebui sa fie ajustata de catre tehnicieni, nu avem nimic de a face acolo;
   3. se calculeaza dupa efectuarea experimentului;
   4. afecteaza numai calitatea depunerii nichelului;
   5. afecteaza numai cantitatea de nichel depus;
   
   
2. La nichelare urmatoarele reactii au avut loc:
   1. la anod (+), īn contact cu piesa de nichel, Ni⁰ - 2e^- -> Ni²⁺
   2. la anod (+), īn legatura cu piesa de nichel, Ni²⁺ + 2e^- -> Ni⁰
   3. la catod (-), īn contact cu piesa metalica, Ni²⁺ + 2e^- -> Ni⁰
   4. la densitati mari de curent anionii de oxigen (O^2-) au tendinta de a descarca la catod: O^2- - 2e^- -> O₂⁰
   
   
3. Masa teoretica de nichel depus se calculeaza folosind:
   1. conservarea numarului de atomi pentru fiecare element;
   2. legea gazelor perfecte;
   3. legea solutilor;
   4. legea electrolizei;
   
   
4. Este de asteptat ca masa de nichel depus sa fie:
   1. proportionala cu timpul de nichelare;
   2. invers proportionala cu intensitatea curentului utilizat;
   3. mult mai mare decāt cea teoretica calculata;
   4. mult mai mica decāt cea teoretica calculata;
   
   
5. Conductivitatea electrica a solutiilor de saruri de nichel:
   1. este relativ mica;
   2. este redusa prin adaosuri de saruri;
   3. depinde de intensitatea curentului utilizat;
   4. depinde de potentialul sursei utilizate;
   
   

FINAL TEST AT LABORATORY
Nickel corrosion protective electroplating

1. The intensity of the current:
   1. should be adjusted by the technicians, we have nothing to do there;
   2. it depends on the surface of the sample;
   3. does not affect the quality nor the quantity of the nickel deposition;
   4. affect only the quantity of the nickel deposition;
   
   
2. Electrical conductivity of nickel salts solutions:
   1. is relatively high;
   2. is relatively small;
   3. depends on the intensity of the current used;
   4. is improved by salts additions;
   
   
3. It is expected to have a mass of nickel deposited:
   1. inversely proportional with the nickel plating time;
   2. lower than the calculated theoretical one;
   3. proportional with the intensity of the current used;
   4. inversely proportional with the intensity of the current used;
   
   
4. Theoretical mass of nickel deposited is calculated using:
   1. the conservation of the energy law;
   2. the conservation of the number of atoms for each element law;
   3. the electrolysis law;
   4. perfect gas law;
   
   
5. At the nickel plating following reactions took place:
   1. at anode (+), connected with nickel piece, Ni⁰ - 2e^- -> Ni²⁺
   2. at high densities of current oxygen anions (O^2-) have the tendency to discharge at the cathode: O^2- - 2e^- -> O₂⁰
   3. at high densities of current oxygen anions (O^2-) have the tendency to discharge at the anode: O^2- - 2e^- -> O₂⁰
   4. at cathode (-), connected with metallic piece, Ni²⁺ + 2e^- -> Ni⁰
   
   

TEST DE FINAL DE LABORATOR
Electrodepunerea nichelului protectiva impotriva coroziunii

1. Intensitatea curentului:
   1. ar trebui sa fie ajustata de catre tehnicieni, nu avem nimic de a face acolo;
   2. depinde de suprafata probei;
   3. nu afecteaza calitatea nici cantitatea nichelului depus;
   4. afecteaza numai cantitatea de nichel depus;
   
   
2. Conductivitatea electrica a solutiilor de saruri de nichel:
   1. este relativ mare;
   2. este relativ mica;
   3. depinde de intensitatea curentului utilizat;
   4. este īmbunatatita prin adaosuri de saruri;
   
   
3. Este de asteptat ca masa de nichel depus sa fie:
   1. invers proportional cu timpul de nichelare;
   2. mai mica decāt cea teoretica calculata;
   3. proportionala cu intensitatea curentului utilizat;
   4. invers proportionala cu intensitatea curentului utilizat;
   
   
4. Masa teoretica de nichel depus se calculeaza folosind:
   1. legea conservarii energiei;
   2. conservarea numarului de atomi pentru fiecare element;
   3. legea electrolizei;
   4. legea gazelor perfecte;
   
   
5. La nichelare urmatoarele reactii au avut loc:
   1. la anod (+), īn contact cu piesa de nichel, Ni⁰ - 2e^- -> Ni²⁺
   2. la densitati mari de curent anionii de oxigen (O^2-) au tendinta de a descarca la catod: O^2- - 2e^- -> O₂⁰
   3. la densitati mari de curent anionii de oxigen (O^2-) au tendinta de a descarca la anod: O^2- - 2e^- -> O₂⁰
   4. la catod (-), īn contact cu piesa metalica, Ni²⁺ + 2e^- -> Ni⁰
   5. la anod (+), īn legatura cu piesa de nichel, Ni²⁺ + 2e^- -> Ni⁰